the biologic basis for disease in adults and child
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Test Bank For Pathophysiology The Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children 8th Edition By McCance, Huether |All Chapters, Year-2023/2024|
Test bank pathophysiology the biologic basis for disease in adults and children 8th Edition.pdf
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TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC
BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN 8TH
EDITION BY Kathryn L McCance, Sue E Huether
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TEST BANK FOR: MCCANCE: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE
IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN8TH EDITION BY Kathryn L McCance, Sue E Huether
Table of Contents
Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES
Unit I: THE CELL
Chapter 1. Cellular Biology
Chapter 2. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
Chapter 3. The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
Unit II: GENES AND GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
Chapter 4. Genes and Genetic Diseases
Chapter 5. Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
Chapter 6. Epigenetics and Disease
Unit III: MECHANISMS OF SELF-DEFENSE
Chapter 7. Innate Immunity: Inflammation
Chapter 8. Adaptive Immunity
Chapter 9. Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
Chapter 10. Infection
Chapter 11. Stress and Disease
Unit IV. CELLULAR PROLIFERATION: CANCER
Chapter 12. Cancer Biology
Chapter 13. Cancer Epidemiology
Chapter 14. Cancer in Children
Part 2: PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC ALTERATIONS: ORGANS AND SYSTEMS
Unit V: THE NEUROLOGIC SYSTEM
Chapter 15. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
Chapter 16. Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
Chapter 17. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
Chapter 18. Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
Chapter 19. Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders
Chapter 20. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
Unit VI: THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Chapter 21. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 22. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 23. Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition NEW
Unit VII: THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
Chapter 24. Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
Chapter 25. Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
Chapter 26. Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
Chapter 27. Sexually Transmitted Infections
Unit VIII: THE HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM
Chapter 28. Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
Chapter 29. Alterations of Erythrocyte, Platelet, and Hemostatic Function
Chapter 30. Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
Chapter 31. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
Unit IX: THE CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEMS
Chapter 32. Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Chapter 33. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
Chapter 34. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
Unit X: THE PULMONARY SYSTEM
Chapter 35. Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
Chapter 36. Alterations of Pulmonary Function
Chapter 37. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
Unit XI: THE RENAL AND UROLOGIC SYSTEMS
Chapter 38. Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
Chapter 39. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Function
Chapter 40. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
Unit XII: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Chapter 41. Structure and Function of the Digestive System
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Chapter 42. Alterations of Digestive Function
Chapter 43. Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
Unit XIII: THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Chapter 44. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 45. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
Chapter 46. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
Unit XIV: THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Chapter 47. Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
Chapter 48. Alterations of the Integument in Children
Unit XV: MULTIPLE INTERACTING SYSTEMS
Chapter 49. Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults
Chapter 50. Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
McCance/Huether: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
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Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is
a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and
contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins,
lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off
from the cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular
self-digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein
synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often
located near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid
hormone production and removing toxic substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B
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