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Critical Care - Final Exam Meds/ Labs / NUMBERS – Q&A
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Critical Care - Final Exam Meds/ Labs / NUMBERS– Q&A
Albuterol (Proventil), Salmeterol (Serevent) ✔️Ans - List the bronchodilators
used to help with COPD
PaCO2 levels above 45 ✔️Ans - What is hypercapnia?
Albuterol (Proventil), and Salmeterol (Serevent) ✔️Ans - Name two (fast
acting) beta agonists used for COPD
No, they stimulate the SNS and cause the bronchial smooth muscle to relax.
✔️Ans - Do beta agonists have any effect on inflammation?
Ipratropium (Atrovent), Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva) (SLOW ACTING) ✔️Ans
- Name some anticholinergic (slow acting) medications used for COPD
Dry out secretions, relieve bronchospasms ✔️Ans - What do the
anticholinergic medications do for pts with COPD?
Beta-Agonists, anticholinergics, and corticosteroids ✔️Ans - Name the
medication classes overall used for COPD
Flovent (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (budesonide), Advair
(fluticasone/salmeterol) ( Daily Meds!!) ✔️Ans - Name the inhaled
corticosteroids used for COPD
No! For maintenance! ✔️Ans - Can inhaled corticosteroids be used for an
acute COPD exacerbation/attack?
Beta Agonists (Short acting) - Albuterol (proventil), Salmeterol (serevent)
✔️Ans - Which COPD Inhaled medications are used in emergent situations
ONLY?
Metered dosage inhalant/ Dry powder inhaler - Less side effects ✔️Ans -
What is the preferred route of administration for Corticosteroids for COPD?
Why?
,Anticholinergics - Atrovent, Spiriva ✔️Ans - Which COPD inhaled medications
are used for preventative reasons and acute flares?
Corticosteroids (flovent, pulmicort, advair) ✔️Ans - Which medication for
asthma would you take on a regular day to day basis? 1. Beta Agonists
(Albuterol, Salmeterol) or 2. Corticosteroids (Flovent, Pulmicort, Advair)
Prednisone, Solu-Medrol ✔️Ans - What are some Oral and IV meds used for
acute flares of COPD?
Cushings -moonface/bighead, humpback, increased BS, Increased BP, Cardiac
issues, thin skin, poor healing, Upset stomach, muscle wasting, fungal
infections, poor sleep, eye problems, acne, osteoporosis, compromised
immune system, adrenal insufficiency ✔️Ans - What are some side effects to
oral/IV corticosteroids?
Methylxanthines - Theophylline, aminophylline ✔️Ans - This oral COPD
medication acts to directly relax the bronchi/pulmonary vessels, and is a CNS
stimulant
Mucolytics - Guaifenesin ✔️Ans - These oral medications for COPD decrease
sputum production, add viscosity, to make secretions more easily cleared
from the lungs.
Stage 1 - Short Acting Bronchodilators prn (albuterol, salmeterol)
immunizations(flu, pneumonia) Stage 2 - Continue Short acting
bronchodilaters prn, add Long Acting Bronchodilators (Anticholinergics -
Atrovent, Spiriva) and pulmonary rehab. Stage 3 - All of the above, plus add an
inhaled steroid (Flovent, Pulmicort, Advair). Stage 4 - All of the above plus add
long term O2 supplement if the baseline saO2 is less than 88%. Consider
NIPPV (Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilator- CPAP/BIPAP) ✔️Ans -
What are the stages and medications for each stage of COPD
Because the early symptoms mimic COPD or something less serious, such as a
cold or mild lung irritation so it goes overlooked until it is too late. ✔️Ans -
Why is Lung Cancer so hard to detect and diagnose before it becomes fatal?
ANSWER D
, Rationale: rinsing the mouth after using this inhaler reduces systemic drug
absorption and reduces the risk for thrush associated with some anti-
inflammatory drugs. Bronchodilators are used to treat acute attacks and
*before* using anti inflammatory meds by MDI. ✔️Ans - When teaching use of
a metered dose inhaler the nurse instructs the client to:
a. take quick shallow breaths in rapid succession while holding the canister
down
b. use the inhaler contaning the antiinflammatory drug first then the
bronchodilator
c. use the antiinflammatory drug as needed to treat acute episodes of
wheezing
d. rinse the mouth after using the inhaler to reduce systemic absorption of the
drug
Steroids ✔️Ans - How are benign polyps of laryngeal cancer treated?
pH <7.30, PaO2 < 60%, PaCO2 > 50% ✔️Ans - Gas exchange levels of a person
considered to be in Acute Respiratory Failure
Solumedrol ✔️Ans - What is the name of the steroid used for Acute
respiratory failure?
Diprivan (propofol), precidex ✔️Ans - What medications are used to
sedate/anesthetize a pt with acute respiratory failure?
Ativan, versed ✔️Ans - What benzos are used for the pt with acute
respiratory failure?
Fentanyl ✔️Ans - What analgesic is most often used for the pt with acute
respiratory failure?
*N*orcuron, *E*tomidate, *N*imbex, ✔️Ans - What are the neuromuscular
blockades used to "control" the pt with acute respiratory failure?
*F*entanyl, *I*nsulin, *D*iprivan ✔️Ans - What is the common "cocktail" of
drugs used in the ICU?
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