Give Me Liberty! Chapters 5 & 6
King George III - ANSEnglish monarch at the time of the revolution. He was the main opposition
for the colonies due to his stubborn attitude and unwillingness to hear out colonial
requests/grievances.
Virtual Representation - ANSBritish governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British
subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members
Sugar Act (1764) - ANSA tax on sweetners (sugar, molasses) that was actually reduced from
what they were paying , but it increased the Crown's control over smuggling including in the
courts where smugglers did not get jury trials.
Revenue Act (1764) - ANSParliament enacted new duties on imports of tea, glass, and paper.
The law required that the revenues raised were to pay officials of the crown. The act were
opposed because they weakened the "power of the purse" of the colonial legislature. Opposition
to these acts were immediate and harsh. Samuel Adams composed a document proclaiming
that "taxation without representation is a tyranny." The acts were later repealed, except tax on
tea. The Boston Tea Party and the American Revolution later followed
Currency Act (1764) - ANSprevented New England colonies from establishing new land banks
and prohibited the use of colonial paper money to pay debts in England.
Stamp Act (1754) - ANSA means of raising revenue in the colonies, and was passed by
Parliament. It stated that all legal documents, contracts, licenses, pamphlets, and newspapers
must carry a stamp that is taxed. It angered the colonists greatly, and led to the creation of the
Stamp Act Congress
Quartering Act (1765) - ANSIt allowed for British officers to be permitted to stay in the homes of
colonials to cut down maintenance cost of the colonial garrison. IT angered many colonists, and
influenced the third amendment.
John Adams - ANSLawyer who defended British soldiers in the Boston Massacre trial. He
believed in "innocent until proven guilty." In spite of these actions, he supported colonial
independence
Patrick Henry - ANSAn orator, statesman and a member of the House of Burgesses where he
introduced seven resolutions against the Stamp Act. Famous for his comment "Give me liberty
or give me death", he also promoted revolutionary ideals.
Strategy of Boycott - ANSa group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization
in protest against its policies
, Sons of Liberty - ANSA secret society of patriots which was organized in 1765 in the colonies.
They formed a Committee of Correspondence to defend themselves against British actions. It
was one of the first forms of organized resistance against the British parliament, and members
took part in the Boston Tea Party.
Samuel Adams - ANSMember of the first and second Continental Congress, signed the
Declaration of Independence, and served as governor of Massachusetts. He was very
supportive of a revolution., A member of the Sons of Liberty who started the Committee of
Correspondence to stir public support for American independence.
Declaratory Act (1766) - ANSAct which was issued in 1766 in order to confirm the British
government's right to pass acts which were legally binding to the colonists. It was used to save
face after the colonists forced the repeal of the Stamp Act.
Ethan Allen - ANSwas a farmer, businessman, land speculator, philosopher, writer, and
American Revolutionary War patriot, hero, and politician. He is best known as one of the
founders of the U.S. state of Vermont, and for the capture of Fort Ticonderoga early in the
American Revolutionary War.
The Townsend Duties (1767) - ANSPopularly referred to as the Townshend Duties, the Revenue
Act of 1767 taxed glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea entering the colonies. The colonists objected
to the fact that the act was clearly designed to raise revenue exclusively for England rather than
to regulate trade in a manner favorable to the entire British empire
Daughters of Liberty - ANSAn organization formed by women prior to the American Revolution
They got together to protest treatment of the colonies by their British Rulers
Boston Massacre (1770) - ANSThe first bloodshed of the American Revolution. An event that
took place in Boston where colonial agitators provoked British troops with snowballs with rocks
inside them. The result was an accidental firing of muskets into the crowd and the death of
some colonials; it became a prime piece of anti-British propaganda
Tea Act (1773) - ANSAct eliminated import duties entering England, lowering the selling price to
consumers, also allowing selling directly to consumers, hurting middlemen. It angered the
colonies since it gave a monopoly to the British East India Tea Company, thus forcing local tea
sellers out of business.
Boston Tea Party (1773) - ANSa 1773 protest in which colonists dressed as Indians dumped
British tea into Boston harbor
Intolerable Acts (1773) - ANSSeveral laws that were composed in 1774 in response to colonial
rebellion. (Boston Tea Party) It angered the colonies greatly, pushing them further into unity