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GTPAL system: ● G: # pregnancies including current ● T: # full-term infants born (37 weeks or after) ● P: # preterm infants born (before 37 weeks) ● A: # spontaneous miscarriages or therapeutic abortions ● L: # living children Dating of pregnancy: first d$17.99
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GTPAL system: ● G: # pregnancies including current ● T: # full-term infants born (37 weeks or after) ● P: # preterm infants born (before 37 weeks) ● A: # spontaneous miscarriages or therapeutic abortions ● L: # living children Dating of pregnancy: first d
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Course
Nursing
Institution
Nursing
GTPAL system:
● G: # pregnancies including current
● T: # full-term infants born (37 weeks or after)
● P: # preterm infants born (before 37 weeks)
● A: # spontaneous miscarriages or therapeutic abortions
● L: # living children
Dating of pregnancy: first day of last menstrual cycle -...
● G: # pregnancies including current
● T: # full-term infants born (37 weeks or after)
● P: # preterm infants born (before 37 weeks)
● A: # spontaneous miscarriages or therapeutic abortions
● L: # living children
Dating of pregnancy: first day of last menstrual cycle - 3 months + 7 days
Know normal Lab levels in pregnancy:
o Serum creatinine:
o BUN:
o Glomerular filtration rate:
o Creatinine clearance:
Placenta Previa – What is it? What should the nurse do/not do?
● Definition: improperly implanted placenta in lower uterine segment near or over internal
cervical os.
● Nursing assessment includes sudden onset of painless, bright red vaginal bleeding
occurring in last half of pregnancy, the uterus is soft and relaxed, and fundal height
may be more than expected for gestation age
● Nursing interventions include monitoring VS, HR, and fetal activity, US, avoid vaginal
exams, bed rest with side-lying position, monitoring amount of bleeding (treat signs of
shock if present), IV fluids, blood products if need or tocolytic meds. Plan for cesarean
if heavy bleeding
Placental Abruption:
● Definition: premature separation of placenta from uterine wall after 20th week of
gestation and before fetus is delivered
● Nursing assessment: dark red vaginal bleeding with PAIN, uterine rigidity,
severe abdominal pain, signs of fetal distress, symptoms of maternal shock if
bleeding is excessive.
, CHILD HEALTH – EXAM 1.Approved
● Nursing interventions: monitor VS, HR, contractions, assess bleeding, US, abdominal
pain, and increased in fundal height. Bed rest, oxygen, IV fluids, and blood products as
needed. Place mother in Trendelenburg position if needed to decrease pressure of fetus
on placenta or in lateral position with HOB flat if hypovolemic shock occurs. Delivery of
newborn-vaginal or cesarean. A concern for postpartum client with this would be to
monitor for DIC
Preterm/Term/Post-term:
● Preterm
○ Infants born before term (before beginning of 37th week)
● Term
, CHILD HEALTH – EXAM 1.Approved
○ Born after beginning of week 37 and before week 42
● Post-term
○ Born after the end of week 41
Baby positions in utero:
● Vertex: head is down
● Breech: bottom is down
● Transverse: sideways
● Face: face coming first; flexed
● Brow: brow first
● Normal is the crown of the head coming out first
Meconium:
● Collection of cellular wastes, bile, fats, mucoproteins, mucopolysaccharides, and
portions of vernix caseosa (the lubricating substance that forms on fetal skin),
accumulates in intestines as early as 16 weeks
● It’s sticky in consistency and appears black or dark green (containing color from
bile pigment)
Amniocentesis:
● 15-18 weeks. Collection of amniotic fluid containing fetal skin cells through maternal
abdomen. Invasive, risk of miscarriage
● Diagnostic tests that assess karyotype (chromosomes)
● Diagnose chromosomal genetic disorders
Maternal positions for labor
● Early Labor: walking, sitting, kneeling, squatting, on all fours. Lie on left side, supine.
● Second stage: semi-Fowler’s with legs raised against abdomen, squatting, or on all
fours rather than lying flat to allow gravity to aid the effort.
Management of decelerations
RH factor. p. 558 When to give Rogam? In what situation?
● Mother is RH negative and baby is RH positive
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