Describe how your body responds to an infection. - answer--T
cells produce cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce
antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. -
answer--Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? -
answer--Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions
affect wellbeing. - answer--(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can
cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - answer--Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
> vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve
sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
DKA - answer--increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - answer--retain H and
excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -
answer--Potassium
West Nile Virus - answer--Transmitted through the bite of an
infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever,
headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - answer--Tick-borne disease caused by the
spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - answer--a febrile upper respiratory illness
in a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____.
- answer--Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - answer--arm/carpal spasm associated with
hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - answer--results from failure of
neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
Describe Lupus - answer--Inflammatory disorder characterized by
joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - answer--It is an autoimmune
disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes
weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along
with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - answer--inflammation of the skin
eczema - answer--noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease
characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - answer--sore caused by lying down for long
periods of time
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