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DAVITA STUDY GUIDE FINAL EXAM
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DAVITA STUDY GUIDE FINAL EXAM
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DAVITA STUDY GUIDE FINAL EXAMDefine the term AKI: - --spectrum of Kidney diseases
- include acute renal failure/renal funchion changes
-Give 3 examples of pre-, intra- and post-renal causes of AKI: - -Pre blood
loss/supply = hemorrhage shock, hypotension,clot, injuny, which leads to
clottng Intra: inflammation within kidney, toxic medication, chemotherapy,
and necrosis Post: Kidney stones, enlarged prostate malignancies
-Outline the treatment goals for a patient with AKI dialyzing in the out-
patient facility
How do you help in restoring kidney function? - -you emlinate the cause
-How do you protect kidneys from further injury? - -anti-inflaminty, no drugs
-What is important when monitoring weight and BP? - -Want the wet,
hydrate to keep them making urine
-Aki patients are at increases risk for which complciations? - -CVC which is
more prone to infection
-What do you need to consider in regards to their vascular access? - -CVC is
( prone to intection) avoid
-Explain the difference between AKI and CKD: - -AKI = sudden onset and
reveroible
CKD= gradual onset and irreversible
-Outline the treatment goals for a patient with CKD: - -- slow the
progression
- Manage complications
- control symptoms education / treatment options
-What are the most common causes for CKD in the USA? - --diabetes
hypertension -polycystic Kidney disesse (genetic)
-Why it is important to know what caused your patient's CKD? - -to inquire
about problems/you can take care of them correctly
-Kt/V What is 'K'? - -Clearance of UREA
-Adequacy of Dialysis What treatment factors decrease K? - -not following
(poor priming) time, blood flow rate, low long you are on treatment
, -Adequacy of Dialysis Kt/V What treatment factors increase K? - -|ager
needles, fistula instead of CVC, time proper dialyzer
-Adequacy of Dialysis Kt/V What is 't? - -time on dialysis
-Adequacy of Dialysis What factors influence 't? - -how long you are on
dialysis, how well your access is running, how well you handle it
-Adequacy of Dialysis Kt/V What is V'? - -Volume (volume on pt. body water)
-Adequacy of Dialysis What factors influence 'V'? - -amputations, height,
set, age
-Adequacy of Dialysis What is the suggested BFR for each needle gauge? - -
17: 200-250
16: 250-350
15:350-450
14: 450-more
-Procedure for Post BUN lab draw: - -turn of diaylsis blood flow rate or turn
down to 50 m/min. Place machine into bypass redue BFR down to 160, wait
15 Sec. /drav artenal line
-Lab draws mistakes that would falsely increase Kt/V - -drawing before 15
secands, drawing from Venous-line [ only waiting 5 second] false high blood
-Lab draws mistakes that would falsely decrease Kt/V - -drawing after 15
seconds, too much saline Wait longer than 15 seconds
-Missing treatments - -increasing task of hospitalization
-Data Collection and Assessment What is the difference between data
collection and assessment who does what? Assessment -Nurse - -requires
nursing judgement, done by RN/assestmast
-Date Collection - PCT - -Observation/ numerical values/collection
-What is the role of the PCT prior to treatment initiation? - -machine setup,
pretreatment vials, any concerns or changes patient by asking them
-What is the role of the licensed nurse prior to treatment initiation? - -
Assessment: listening to lung sounds) edima number, Scale
-When is a pre-treatment assessment by the licensed nurse required? - -it is
required before treatmunt is
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