Travel and Tourism is a subject that explores the world of travel and tourism, from understanding different types of tourism to the impact of tourism on different destinations. If you are preparing for Cambridge IGCSE Travel and Tourism exams, having study notes is crucial.
The study notes will ...
The Travel and Tourism Industry
● What is tourism? Tourism is temporary movement of people to destinations outside
where they normally live and work and their activities during their stay at these
destinations
● What are tourists?
○ International : people from overseas
○ Domestic : people from your own country
● What is the travel and tourism industry ?
○ It is the whole mix of businesses and agencies that work together to serve the
needs of people who travel.
● What is a destination?
○ It is the places where a journey finally ends.
● Types of tourists
○ Leisure
○ Visiting friends and relatives (VFR)
○ Sport
○ Business (MICE):
■ Meetings
■ Incentives
■ Conferences
■ Exhibitions
● Business tourism
○ These can be held in a variety of venues which include:-
■ Purpose built conference centers
■ Hotel facilities
■ Sports venues
■ Civic buildings
■ Stately homes
■ University and academic institution facilities.
● What can be done to encourage business tourists?
○ The choice of place appropriate to the event
○ Offer promotional leaflets/ brochures
○ Range of accommodation
○ Transport transfer (to make moving around destination easier)
○ Audio-visual and stage
○ Arrange social and partners programmes to ensure visitors enjoy the destination
and will want to return
Business tourism
, ● Example: South Africa
○ There are more than 1700 conferencing venues all over the country
○ It hosts more than 850 international conference events each year.
○ in 2006 there were 26,000 exhibitors and 3.7 million visitors attending the
exhibitions .
○ The infrastructure was improved , the country now has 3 major airports , and a
new airport is under construction . Improvement to the highways
○ more flights being added such as air France , South African airways, Dubai
based emirates .
○ South Africa has a wonderful climate , great outdoor activities , sports facilities ,
golf courses, rich social and cultural history .
Methods of transport:
● Air Transport
○ Scheduled flights, Charter flights, Low cost airlines
● Water Transport
○ Cruise ships, Ferry
● Rail transport:
○ Within and between countries
○ Eurostar carries more passengers between London and Paris than all the
airlines put together
○ Popular with independent travellers
○ Perceived to be hassle free
Accommodation:
● Hotel
● Motel
● Guesthouse
● Hostel
● Holiday village or camp
● Holiday home
● Visitor’s apartment
● Bed and Breakfast
1) Hotels
● Example: Jumeirah Hotels and Resorts
○ It has won many awards .
○ The company was founded in 1997 .
○ Its aim is to become the leader of luxury hotels in the world .
○ They have 11 hotels, 8 of them are in Dubai .
○ They plan to expand their work from the gulf region to Maldives , US Virgin
Islands .
○ They have another 11 hotels under construction .
○ In China , they will open their first hotel in Shanghai next year.
, ○ Their aim is to achieve luxury hotels by doing the following : making customers
their first priority and doing their best to meet their expectations, they excel in
everything they do, they provide superior innovative products and services. All
the staff members are expected to follow the company Hallmarks which are the
reasons for Jumeirah success .
○ These Hallmarks are :
■ I will always smile and great our guests before they greet me.
■ My first response to a guest request will never be no.
■ I will treat all colleagues with respect and integrity .
○ The company ensure that its salaries are competitive and attracted the top
talented people.
○ There are many benefits to every employee at this company:
■ competitive salaries
■ tax free salaries
■ award winning Accommodation and utilities (only in UAE)
■ medical cover and dental cover
■ free meals at home and at work (only in UAE)
■ discounted Accommodation , food and drinks
■ social activities to ensure that the staff work in a fun environment
■ incentives
2) Lodges :
● Example : Martin's lodge in Sri Lanka
○ It is a simple guesthouse Accommodation with only 10 rooms , some are double,
some are triple and some are dormitory style.
○ It doesn't have a star rating .
○ Traditional meals are served there in the common dining area
○ There is no air conditioning and a limited supply of hot water.
○ There are no other facilities in the Accommodation .
3) Rated Hotels
● Empire Hotel and Country Club in Brunei :
○ It is a luxury 5 star hotel.
○ It is on the coast of the South China Sea
○ It has 470 rooms and 34 suites and 16 villas so it offers the customers with many
choices.
○ Each room has a king size bed and luxurious bathroom and a private balcony.
○ Every room has a cable TV , a mini bar , telephone , writing table , internet
access .
○ All the rooms are decorated to a very high standard
○ The hotel offers 24 hours room service , laundry service .
○ They have 10 different restaurant and cafés
○ The Country Club offers many recreational needs for the customers .
○ They have many golf courses, spa , swimming pools, squash and tennis courts ,
gymnasium
, ○ They also cater for business tourists as they have four different venues for
meetings and conferences for up to 700 people.
● The cliff hotel in England
● It is a small , family run hotel.
● it offers good Accommodation in peaceful surroundings
● There are 9 suites rooms with TV , coffee and tea making facilities and free WiFi
access.
● Breakfast is included in the tariff.
4) Guest house :
● Example: Villa sunrise in Bali
○ It is a beautiful guesthouse in Bali .
○ It has 3 bedrooms , 3 bathrooms , a kitchen , a dining room and a living room
○ Only 6 people can sleep in it. It is good for families or friends .
○ Fresh and delicious breakfast is served.
5) Hostel :
● Example : HI Thamel Hostel in Nepal
○ It provides budget (cheap) Accommodation in safe , clean and friendly
surroundings at good price
Built Attractions
● Theme parks
● Museums
● Heritage centers
● Sports facilities
● Family entertainment centers
● Cinemas
● Cultural attractions
● Animal parks
● Historic centers
● Shopping centers
What can be used as a driving force to the development of a
destination?
● Sports stadiums
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