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NSG 4100 Exam 2 With Complete Questions and Answers
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NSG 4100 Exam 2 With Complete Questions andAnswers
Where is aldosterone secreted? - ANSWER adrenal gland
what is hyperaldosteronism called? - ANSWER Conn's syndrome
Conn's syndrome - ANSWER increased Na, increased BP, decreased K+
What is hypoaldosteronism called? - ANSWER Addisons Disease
S/S of Addison's Disease? - ANSWER decreased Na, decreased BP, increased K+,
fatigue, muscle weakness, dark skin pigmentation, hypotension, hypoglycemia
s/s of Addisonian crisis - ANSWER decreased LOC, hypotension, flu like
symptoms (N/V)- call DR!!
Tx of addisons/ Addisonian crisis - ANSWER First- FLUIDS!!! then steroids
Pheochromocytoma - ANSWER a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that
causes the gland to produce excess catecholamines
What does pheochromocytoma cause? - ANSWER fight/ flight response
5 H's of pheochromocytoma - ANSWER Hypertension (MOST DANGEROUS)
Headache
Hyperhidrosis (excess sweating)
Hypermetabolism
Hyperglycemia
Treatment of pheochromocytoma - ANSWER adrenalectomy, elevate HOB 30
degrees, give alpha adrenergic blockers (SE: hypotension, increased HR, nasal
congestion), give beta blockers (hold if HR below 60)
Hyperthyroidism - ANSWER high T3 and T4 and low TSH
S/S of hyperthyroidism - ANSWER wt loss, HTN, anxious, goiter, exophthalmos,
heat intolerance, thin skin
s/s of thyroid storm - ANSWER fever, restlessness, N/V
, tx of hyperthyroidism - ANSWER thyroidectomy, radioactive iodine
hypothyroidism - ANSWER low T3 and T4, high TSH
s/s of hypothyroidism - ANSWER wt gain, constipation, hypotension, depression,
decreased HR, cold intolerance, goiter
tx of hypothyroidism - ANSWER levothyroxine- MUST take every morning on an
empty stomach for life. must continually have levels checked
where are corticosteroids secreted? - ANSWER pituitary gland
What is hypercortisolism? - ANSWER Cushing's syndrome
S/S of Cushing's Syndrome? - ANSWER moon face, purple striae, hyperglycemia,
thin extremities, large trunk, osteoporosis, thin skin- SAFETY, too much cortisol,
fluid retention, HTN, increased Na, decreased K+
what is the biggest concern with Cushing's? - ANSWER SAFETY- increased r/f
infections
what causes Cushing's? - ANSWER excess steroid use, pituitary tumor
treatment of Cushing's with pituitary tumor? - ANSWER transsphenoidal
hypophysectomy- check for clear fluid with halo/ glucose (CSF)
What is hypocortisolism? - ANSWER Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
s/s of congenital adrenal hyperplasia? - ANSWER ambiguous genitalia- females:
masculine features, men- feminine features. Easier to visually see in women
tx of congenital adrenal hyperplasia - ANSWER steroid use
Normal serum osmolality - ANSWER 280-295
What is serum osmolality? - ANSWER how concentrated blood is
with dehydration what will the concentration of serum osmolality be? - ANSWER
increased concentration
hypertonic blood - ANSWER increased concentration- ex: hyperglycemia with
DKA
hypotonic blood - ANSWER decreased concentration- ex: fluid overload with
SIADH
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