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UPDATED ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 A Questions and Answers with 100 Complete and Verified solutions

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A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin transdermal patches. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should apply a patch every 5 mins if I develop chest pain." b. "I will take the patch off right after my e...

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  • November 2, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 A
Questions and Answers with 100
Complete and Verified solutions
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin transdermal patches.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
a. "I should apply a patch every 5 mins if I develop chest pain."
b. "I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
c. "I will leave the patch off at least 1 day each week."
d. "I should discard the used patch by flushing it down the toilet." - CORRECT ANS
b. "I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
-clients should remove the patch each evening for a medication free time of 12-14 hr
before applying a new patch to avoid developing a tolerance to the medication's
effects
-nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are used to treat new onset of angina pain. A client
who uses sublingual tablets should place one tablet under their tongue at the onset
of angina pain and continue taking a table every 5 min for a total of three doses of
nitroglycerin. The effects of a nitroglycerin patch will take 30-60 min to occur and are
not useful to prevent an ongoing angina attack
-nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that results in dilation of the coronary
vessels. Clients should apply the patch daily to sustain prophylaxis
-medication remains in the transdermal patch after removing it from the body and
must be discarded safely. The nurse should instruct the client to fold the patch ends
together with the medication on the inside and place the discarded patch in a closed
container so that children and pets cannot gain access to the medication
A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider to administer morphine five
milligrams every 4 hours subcutaneously for severe pain as needed. The nurse
should identify which of the following entries as the correct format for the medication
administration record (MAR)?
a. MSO4 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
b. Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
c. MSO4 5 mg SQ every 4 hr PRN severe pain
d. Morphine 5.0 mg subcutaneously every 4 hr PRN severe pain - CORRECT ANS
b. Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
-the medication name is spelled out and there are not any abbreviations from The
Joint Commission's "Do Not Use" list included in the transcript
-the use of the abbreviation MSO4 is prohibited by The Joint Commission. The
medication name morphine must be spelled out to reduce the risk for error
-SQ is prohibited by The Joint Commission; this route should be written as subcut,
subq, or subcutaneously
-the trailing zero on 5.0 can be mistaken for 50 if the decimal point is missed
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide for chronic open-angle
glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the
client to monitor and report?
a. tingling of fingers
b. constipation
c. weight gain

,ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 A
Questions and Answers with 100
Complete and Verified solutions
d. oliguria - CORRECT ANS a. tingling of fingers
-the nurse should instruct the client to report the adverse effect of paresthesia, a
tingling sensation in the extremities, when taking acetazolamide
-diarrhea is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to gastrointestinal disturbances
-weight loss is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to GI disturbances causing
reduced appetite
-polyuria is an adverse effect of acetazolamide
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the prescribed dose of
metoclopramide. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. report the incident to the charge nurse
b. notify the provider
c. check the client's blood glucose
d. fill our an incident report - CORRECT ANS c. check the client's blood glucose
-the first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to assess the
client. The client is at risk for hypoglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's
blood glucose and provide the client with a snack to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia
-the rest of these answers are also correct, but there is another action the nurse
should take first
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and
docusate sodium. The nurse should instruct the client that taking the docusate
sodium daily can minimize which of the following adverse effects of morphine?
a. constipation
b. drowsiness
c. facial flushing
d. itching - CORRECT ANS a. constipation
-constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine that can be minimized by
taking docusate sodium, a stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool by
increasing water and fat in the intestines
A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to the administration of PO digoxin.
The client's BP is 144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min, and respiratory rate is 20/min.
The nurse should withhold the medication and contact the provider for which of the
following findings?
a. diastolic BP
b. systolic BP
c. heart rate
d. respiratory rate - CORRECT ANS c. heart rate
-digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and AV nodes, thereby
decreasing the heart rate. The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the
provider for a heart rate of 55/min because this is an early indication of digoxin
toxicity
-digoxin increased cardiac output and reduces the heart rate, a diastolic BP of 86,
systolic BP of 140, and respiratory rate of 20/min is not cause for holding the
medication and contacting the provider
-

, ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 A
Questions and Answers with 100
Complete and Verified solutions
A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr
instead over 8 hr as prescribed. Which of the following information should the nurse
enter as a complete documentation of the incident?
a. IV fluid infused over 4 hr instead of the prescribed 8 hr. Client tolerated fluids well,
provider notified
b. 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L IV infused over 4 hr. Vital signs stable, provider notified
c. 1 L of 0.9% sodium chloride completed at 0900. Client denies shortness of breath
d. IV fluid initiated at 0500. Lungs clear to auscultation - CORRECT ANS b. 0.9%
sodium chloride 1 L IV infused over 4 hr. Vital signs stable, provider notified
-the nurse should document the type and amount of fluid, how long it took to infuse,
provider notification, and the client's physical status
-the nurse should only chart factual information in the client's medical record without
indicating the error that occurred
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start
a new prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should
the nurse include in the teaching?
a. decreases stomach acid secretion
b. neutralizes acids in the stomach
c. forms a protective barrier over ulcers
d. treats ulcers by eradicating H. pylori - CORRECT ANS c. forms a protective
barrier over ulcers
-secretions by the parietal and chief cells, hydrochloric acid and pepsin, can further
irritate the ulcerated areas. Sucralfate, a mucosal protectant, forms a gel-like
substance that coats the ulcer, creating a barrier to hydrochloric acid and pepsin
-peptic ulcer disease manifests as an erosion of the gastric or duodenal mucosa.
The acid production in the stomach causes further irritation and pain. H2 receptor
antagonists, such as famotidine, decrease stomach acid secretion
-acid production in the stomach causes further irritation and pain to a client who has
a peptic ulcer. Antacids, such as aluminum hydroxide, neutralize acids in the
stomach and prevent pepsin formation, a digestive enzyme the can further damage
the eroded epithelium
-a common cause of peptic ulcers is a bacterial infection with Helicobacter pylori.
Treatment of the ulcer includes a combination of antibiotics, such as metronidazole,
tetracycline, clarithromycin, or amoxicillin, to eradicate the H. pylori infection
A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart
failure. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of
hypokalemia?
a. tall, tented T-waves
b. presence of U-waves
c. widened QRS complex
d. ST elevation - CORRECT ANS b. presence of U-waves
-the nurse should identify the presence of U-waves as a manifestation of
hypokalemia, an adverse effect of furosemide

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