Earth & Space Science EHS Final Exam
Which of the following diagrams best shows the revolution of a planet?
The following diagram shows the Moon at one position in its orbit around Earth. (The diagram is not drawn to scale.)
Based on this diagram, which of the following statements is true?
Lo...
Earth & Space Science EHS Final Exam
Which of the following diagrams best shows the revolution of a planet?
The following diagram shows the Moon at one position in its orbit around Earth.
(The diagram is not drawn to scale.)
Based on this diagram, which of the following statements is true?
Locations A and C are experiencing high tides; locations B and D are experiencing low
tides.
What advantage does a reflecting telescope have over a refracting telescope?
Each of the following diagrams shows a satellite in four different positions of its
orbit around Earth. The satellites are divided into four sections (numbered 1-4);
each section represents a different side of the satellite. Which diagram best
represents a satellite that is tidally locked to Earth?
The following diagram shows Earth at one position in its orbit around the sun.
(The diagram is not drawn to scale.) Based on this diagram, at which location on
Earth are tides least affected by the sun?
C
The following diagram shows the moon at one point in its orbit around Earth.
(The diagram is not drawn to scale.)If only a quarter of the moon is visible from
Earth, where might the sun be located?
A or C only
Given that electromagnetic waves generally travel at the same average speed,
what is the relationship between wave frequency and wavelength in an
electromagnetic wave?
Electromagnetic waves that have a higher frequency have a shorter wavelength and
vice versa.
A student learns that a certain comet in the solar system is considered a long-
period comet. Based on this knowledge, what is the student most justified in
concluding?
The comet originates in the Oort cloud
Which of the following models accurately describes the view of the solar system
first developed by the Greeks?
planets rotate around the earth
Where in the solar system is the Kuiper belt located?
beyond C
Which answer best explains how most scientists think that planets form?
A rotating cloud of space dust and gases begins to flatten and condense, forming a new
star; the remaining matter forms an accretionary disc around the star, gradually
coalescing to form planets.
How do astronomers find planets in other solar systems?
They monitor the pattern of movement and light from a star.
What marks the edge of the solar system?
the heliopause
Where in the solar system are the most asteroids located?
between A and B
, Through what process did the planets form?
accretion
According to scientists, the sun will last forever.
False
What discovery led Edwin Hubble to conclude that the universe is expanding?
The color shift spectrum for a galaxy is almost always shifted to the red.
A space telescope captures an image of billions of stars revolving around a
central location. Which of the following best describes what the telescope has
found?
How does cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) provide evidence for
the big bang theory?
CMB is a form of energy that fills the universe uniformly, with only slight variations in
temperature. This indicates that the energy was released all at once.
Scientists once hypothesized that the universe has always existed in its current
state, with a constant average density. Does the big bang theory support this
hypothesis?
No. According to the big bang theory, the universe is expanding from its origin as an
infinitely dense point.
In which section of the following Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram is the sun
plotted?
C
Uniformitarianism states that
processes that occurred in the past operate in the same way as they do in the present.
Uranium-238 (U-238) has a half-life of 4.47 × 109 years. Which of the following is a
likely application of U-238?
Which of the following was the most significant contributor to the formation of
Earth's early atmosphere?
volcanic degassing
Why is the Hadean eon not technically considered to be a geologic time period?
The Hadean eon describes the time before Earth was formed.
A rock unit contains rounded, gravel-sized rocks in a fine-grained sediment
matrix. Which formed first, the rocks or the matrix?
the matrix
In which way is carbon-14 similar to nitrogen-14?
They both have the same mass number.
The average rate of extinction prior to the existence of humans was about 10 to
100 species per year. Scientists estimate that 27,000 species are currently going
extinct each year from tropical forest destruction alone. This is compounded by
destruction of other habitats, pollution, hunting, and other human-caused effects,
as well as the increased rate of global warming due to air pollution. If these
trends continue, which of the following would best describe the likely result?
a mass extinction that may one day mark the end of the Quaternary period
Which of the following can help reduce the need to drill for oil in sensitive
ecosystems?
reducing, reusing, and recycling plastics
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