Summary
OCR Biology A-Level Endocrine System Summary
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A HandWritten summary which contains all the necessary A* Content for Endocrine System at OCR A-Level Biology.
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Protein Hormone Cascade :↳ Adrenaline :
1 .
Adrenaline binds to cen surface receptors
Adrenaline
adenyl cyclase enzyme
2 .
activate
3 .
Adeny cyclase/ converts ATP to Cyclic Amp
(Secondary Messenger
4 CAMP activates Linases
protein
.
3 Protein linases
phosphorylate and activate other
encymes
.
Pancreas :
Produces digestive enzymes Amylase protease lipase :
, ,
-> Acinar cells
Produce insulin
Is let of Langerhans Alpha sens Produce
Glucagon Beta caus :
:
:
islet of Langerhans
Acinar ceus
blood
Increasing glucose concentration :
Diet Eat
· :
carbohydrate rich foods
Glycogenolysis Glycogen is broken down into
glucose
· :
·Gluconeogenesis formation of from non-carbohydrate sources
glucose
:
Decreasing blood glucose concentration :
Respiration Glucose is used to make
energy
·
:
Glycogenesis
:
formation
guycogen of
Role of of glycogenesis
insulin :
Increasing the rate
of
Increasing rate
glucose absorption Increasing glucose <
fat conversion
.
·
Increasing respiratory rate
Inhibiting the release of glucagon
Role of
glucagon Reducing amount of glucose absorbed
by hepatocytes
:
Glycogenolysis Increasing gluconeogenesis
Control of insulin Secretion :
: Normal blood Potassium channels K diffuses B cell
glucose open out -70mv
:
are s is
,
2
blood Glucose
High glucose enters the sel
by glucose transporter
.
a
:
.
3 Glucose is metabolised
by the mitochondria -> ATP produced
4 .
ATP closes the potassium Channels -
Depolarisation potential difference of
,
-30mv
voltage gated
.
3 Depolarisation opens the calcium channels
6 Calcium enters resides to release insulin via
.
causing exocytosis
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