BIS 2B Final Study Guide Exams with Complete Questions And Answers 100% Verified
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BIS 2B
Institution
BIS 2B
BIS 2B Final Study Guide Exams with Complete Questions And Answers 100% Verified
Mutualism - Correct Answer-Symbiosis that is beneficial to both organisms involved
Individual Fitness is expected to go up for each
Each party can be specialized in doing a job particularly well
Protective Servi...
BIS 2B Final Study Guide Exams with Complete Questions And Answers 100% Verified
Mutualism - Correct Answer-Symbiosis that is beneficial to both organisms involved
Individual Fitness is expected to go up for each Each party can be specialized in doing a job particularly well
Protective Services - Correct Answer-Type of Mutualism Many plant engage in this (i.e extrafloral nectar, where ants protect the plants from many enemies)
Farming - Correct Answer-Types of mutualism Plant and animals that we grow benefit from us growing them, and they give up food (ants also do this with other insects and also fungi)
Dispersal Services - Correct Answer-Type of mutualism
Plants rely on mobile organisms to assist them with 1. seed dispersal 2. pollination
Pollination - Correct Answer-Take the male pollen to a different plant in order to fertilize a different plant and to have different male pollen taken to you (more efficient that just air moving pollen around)
Pollen is the reward for the organism that is doing the pollination
Need an attractant, behavior, anatomical features
Seed Dispersal - Correct Answer-If seeds dont move out there will be intense competition between siblings and the mother Plants provide fruit, then the seeds get pooped out in a different place
Digestive Services - Correct Answer-Type of Mutualism Consume a lot of food that we cant break down We provide the bacteria a home/food
They provide us by breaking down things like cellulose into a form we can actually use
Biosynthetic Services - Correct Answer-Type of Mutualism Bacterias within a insect create essential amino acids they cant generate on their own
Resource Exchange - Correct Answer-Type of mutualism Involves a photosynthetic organism Corals with single celled algae Algae Corals live in shallow water where the algae can do photosynthesis
lichens
plants and fungi
Coral bleaching - Correct Answer-when the resource exchange between corals and algae stops, corals become white and ultimately die
Symbiodinium - Correct Answer-algae that live within corals
Nitrogen fixation - Correct Answer-Resource exchange there are alot of bacteria that can fix Nitrogen and plants give them sugar
Different classes of mutualism - Correct Answer-Protective Services
Farming
Dispersal Services
Biosynthetic services
Resource Exchange
Ecological Model (how mutualism operates) - Correct Answer-Mutually beneficial trade when twoo parties have unequal abilities to harvest different essential resources (Species A-plant and B-fungus) Both need C and P at 1:1 ratio (C:P) If agrees to trade they each see a 5 fold increase in both of their fitnesses)
Ecosystem Engineers - Correct Answer-Organism that build structures that alter existing
habitats or create new habitats are called ecosystem engineers
Keystone Species - Correct Answer-Species that exerts an influence on a community disproportionate to its abundance
2 types of Indirect effects on Trophic Levels - Correct Answer-Density-Mediated Indirect
effect
Trait-Mediated Indirect effect
Density Mediated Indirect effect - Correct Answer-Consumption causes a change in size
Influence of one species on another that changes the density of the species
Trait-Mediated Indirect effect - Correct Answer-change in behavior (scare them --> cause emigration/immigration)
some trait that some particular species is expressing is changing
Why are food web stills used? - Correct Answer-to remind us that real trophic ecology is
complicated
Interaction webs - Correct Answer-Look at subsets (modules)
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