WGU D115 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT (OA) EXA M 2023 -2024 COMPLETE UNIT 1 -UNIT 7 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS ) |ALREA DY GRADED A+ Amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant women with what history? - ANSWER - Have a family history of genetic disorders What is the technique for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities at 10 -12 weeks gestation? - ANSWER - Chorionic villus sampling CVS Amniocentesis during the 15th week of pregnancy What is the term used for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or mitosis? - ANSWER - Nondisjunction What is the most common cause of Down Syndrome? - ANSWER - Maternal nondisjunction embryo now has three copies of chromosome 21 What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short statue, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck? - ANSWER - Turner A person with 47, XXY karyotype has the genetic disorder resulting in which syndrome? - ANSWER - Klinefelter: males How is transcription best defined? - ANSWER - RNA is synthesized from a DNA template Process where the information in a strand of DNA is copied into mRNA How is translation best defined? - ANSWER - Follows transcription mRNA leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm RNA directs the synthesis of a polypeptides for protein synthesis An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident? - ANSWER - Alpha fetoprotein Ex: spina bifida or anencephaly When a child inherits a disease that is autosomal recessive, it is inherited from whom? - ANSWER - Both parents In order to have a disorder that is autosomal recessive a pt must inherit two mutated genes, one from each parent Cystic fibrosis is caused by what type of gene? - ANSWER - Autosomal recessive The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women? - ANSWER - Ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancers Prader -Willi syndrome causes a chromosomal defect that is what? - ANSWER - Inherited from the father Deletion of a part of chromosome 15 Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen? - ANSWER - Active -acquired immunity What type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta? - ANSWER - Passive -acquired immunity Where are antibodies produced? - ANSWER - Plasma cells When B cells are activated from antigens they develop into plasma cells. Those plasma cells then create antibodies specific to said antigen Which antibody initially indicates a typical primary immune response? - ANSWER - IgM which is found mainly in blood and lymph fluid First antibody that body makes when fighting a new pathogen The Common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is mediated by which class of immunoglobulins? - ANSWER - IgE Also releases histamine What are blood transfusion reactions an example of? - ANSWER - Alloimmunity Type of immunity that produces an immune response against antigens from members of the same species Also happens with transplants What is true of immunodeficiency? - ANSWER - Immunodeficiency is generally not present in other family members Mostly from extrinsic factors A healthcare professional advises patients to exercise because it has probably impact on reducing which cancer? - ANSWER - Colon
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