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CEN Practice Test – Questions & Solutions
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CEN Practice Test – Questions & SolutionsPreload refers to:
a. The volume of blood entering the left side of the heart
b. The volume of blood entering the right side of the heart
c. The pressure in the venous system that the heart must overcome to
pump the blood
d. The pressure in the arterial system that the heart must overcome to
pump the blood ✔️Ans - b. The volume of blood entering the right side
of the heart
Preload is the volume of blood that enters the right side of the heart. This
volume stretches the fibers in the heart prior to contraction. Preload is
commonly measured as atrial pressure.
The patient is brought to the ED with an anterior ST-elevation myocardial
infarction (STEMI). You are assessing him for possible administration of
fibrinolytics. An absolute contraindication for this treatment is:
a. The patient's pain is not relieved by medications.
b. Symptoms began 36 hours before arrival.
c. The patient has received aspirin in the last 2 hours.
d. The patient had a previous MI 6 years ago. ✔️Ans - b. Symptoms
began 36 hours before arrival.
Fibrinolytic therapy is generally NOT recommended for patients whose
symptoms began more than 12 hours before arrival. Fibrinolytics should
not be given if the onset of symptoms was more than 24 hours before
arrival UNLESS a posterior MI is diagnosed. In this case, the MI was
anterior.
The team is performing CPR on a patient. The rhythm that will respond to
an electrical shock is:
a. Asystole
b. PEA
c. Ventricular fibrillation
,d. SVT ✔️Ans - c. Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia are the two
rhythms that are considered to be "shockable" cardiac arrest rhythms.
Although asystole and PEA are cardiac arrest rhythms, they will not
respond to electrical shock.
When suctioning during a cardiac arrest, suctioning should be limited to
which of the following?
a. Less than 5 seconds
b. Less than 10 seconds
c. Less than 20 seconds
d. Less than 30 seconds ✔️Ans - b. Less than 10 seconds
According to the 2010 BLS and ACLS guidelines, suctioning for longer than
10 seconds may result in pulling too much oxygen out of the airways
resulting in hypoxemia.
Possible causes of cardiac arrest include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Hypervolemia
b. Hypoxia
c. Hypokalemia
d. Tension Pneumothorax ✔️Ans - a. Hypervolemia
Common causes of cardiac arrest are known as the H's and T's and include:
hypovolemia (NOT hypervolemia), hypoxia, hydrogen ion excess (acidosis),
hypo or hyperkalemia, hypothermia, tension pneumothorax, tamponade,
toxins, and thrombosis (pulmonary or coronary). Correction of these
causes can often reverse a cardiac arrest.
You are providing ventilations using a Bag-mask device. Suddenly, you do
not see the patient's chest rise with the ventilation. You reposition the
patient to ensure an open airway. When you attempt to ventilate, you do
not see his chest rise. The most likely cause of this is:
a. The bag-mask device is faulty
b. Airway obstruction
, c. The patient has suffered an MI
d. Cardiac tamponade ✔️Ans - b. Airway obstruction
The most likely cause of the failure of the chest to rise during ventilations
is an airway obstruction. Although a faulty bag-mask device is a possibility,
it is unlikely that it would fail in the middle of providing ventilations.
According to American Heart Association ACLS guidelines, cricoid pressure
during intubation:
a. Should be done in all cases.
b. Is no longer recommended.
c. Should only be done on children.
d. None of the above. ✔️Ans - b. Is no longer recommended.
According to the most current AHA guidelines, cricoid pressure may delay
or prevent placement of an advanced airway so is no longer recommended.
You are providing positive pressure ventilation through an ET tube to a
patient in respiratory distress. Indications that you are ventilating too fast
include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Increasing waveform capnography readings
b. Stomach insufflation
c. Tension pneumothorax
d. Aspiration ✔️Ans - a. Increasing waveform capnography readings
Latrogenic effects of hyperventilation through an ET tube include
aspiration, stomach insufflation, and tension pneumothorax. Increasing
waveform capnography readings are an indication of efficient CPR.
According to American Heart Association ACLS guidelines, when available,
the best way to confirm and maintain tracheal tube position is by:
a. Clinical examination only.
b. Quantitative waveform capnography.
c. Clinical examination and Pulse oximetry.
d. Clinical examination and quantitative waveform capnography. ✔️Ans
- d. Clinical examination and quantitative waveform capnography.
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