ISSA Corrective Exercise All Possible
Questions and Answers 2023/2024
How many bones are in the human body? Ans - 206
The ribcage is part of which skeleton? Ans - Axial skeleton
How many vertebrae within the vertebral (spinal) column can move independently? Ans
- 24
Movement between two adjacent vertebrae is made possible by what? Ans - Facet
joints
Wolff's Law describes what? Ans - The way bones can grow or shrink
New bone material is formed by what? Ans - Osteoblasts
The strong connective tissue on the bottom of each foot is the: Ans - Plantar
aponeurosis
During the lowering phase of a biceps curl, the elbow flexors are performing which type
of muscle action? Ans - Eccentric action
According to Thomas Myers, how many categories of fascial lines are in the human
body? Ans - 7
What are two types of sensory feedback that fascia can provide? Ans - Proprioception
and pain
Which of the following is not a function of skeletal muscle? Ans - Recruitment actions
An eccentric muscle action occurs when: Ans - The pulling force of a muscle is less
than the resistance force
The primary roles of skeletal muscle are to: Ans - Develop tension and move joints
(Wrong)
From the anatomical position, a muscle's origin is the position: Ans - Closest to the
head
What is the largest muscle in the human body? Ans - Gluteus maximus
,Which of the following is closest to the estimated number of muscles in the human
body? Ans - 650
Skeletal muscle is a contractile tissue responsible for: Ans - Both A and B
Skeletal muscle attaches to bone through a: Ans - Tendon
What is the primary connective tissue that forms a tendon? Ans - Type I collagen
Each bundle of skeletal muscle fibers, covered by a perimysium, is called a: Ans -
Fascicle
During a biceps curl, the biceps brachii and brachialis muscle act as: Ans - Synergists
What is the primary function of a Golgi Tendon Organ? Ans - Detect changes in muscle
tension
Which of the following is not a function required for the coordination of movement? Ans
- Motor control (Wrong)
What two types of cells make up the nervous system? Ans - Neurons and glia
What is the "transmitter" portion of a neuron that relays a signal? Ans - Axon
What is the "integrator" part of a neuron that determines if there's enough information to
create an action potential? Ans - Cell body
What is the name of the area, typically between two neurons or a neuron and gland,
where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted? Ans - Synapse
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for producing voluntary
movements? Ans - Somatic nervous system
What structural component of white matter gives it a whitish appearance? Ans - Myelin
Where does the spinal cord end? Ans - Around lumbar vertebrae 1 or 2 (L1 or L2)
Which type of nerve only carries information away from the spinal cord to innervate
muscle? Ans - Motor nerve
How many pairs of spinal nerves connect to the spinal cord? Ans - 31
What is the name of the cluster of cell bodies, from lower motor neurons, that are
contained within the spinal cord? Ans - Motor neuron pool
Sensory information is carried within: Ans - Ascending tracts
,What is a primary function of interneurons during movement? Ans - Block lower motor
neuron activity (wrong)
Descending tracts originate from what two areas of the brain? Ans - Motor cortex and
brainstem
When a muscle is quickly stretched, which of the following receptors is activated? Ans -
Both A and B (wrong)
The brain's ability to change its structure and function is known as: Ans -
Neuroplasticity
Which of the following is not a function of the basal ganglia? Ans - Inhibit lower motor
neurons
An important component of sleep is to: Ans - Allow CSF to flush out waste products
Which of the following is not a function of the cerebellum? Ans - Directly control lower
motor neurons
The reference point for all locations within the human body is known as the: Ans -
Anatomical position
Which term describes a position that's toward the top of the head? Ans - Cranial
Which term describes a position that's close to the trunk? Ans - Proximal
Which plane divides the body into left and right segments and is associated with flexion
and extension movements? Ans - Sagittal
Hip abduction and adduction occur in which plane? Ans - Frontal
Throwing a baseball is which type of motion? Ans - Multiplanar
Movement of a limb in a specific direction is referred to as its: Ans - Direction of rotation
When lifting free weights, the direction of resistance is always: Ans - Straight down to
the earth
When using a cable or exercise band, the direction of resistance is always: Ans - In the
direction the cable or band is pulling
Which of the following movements is not associated with the cervical spine? Ans -
Horizontal adduction
,How many different movements can the shoulder girdle perform? Ans - 14
What is the primary disadvantage of the bony structures that form the glenohumeral
joint? Ans - It is inherently unstable
Which of the following is not an external rotator of the glenohumeral joint? Ans -
Latissimus dorsi
How many primary movements can the scapulothoracic region perform? Ans - 6
Which of the following muscles does not elevate the scapula? Ans - Latissimus dorsi
Which action(s) can the gluteus maximus perform? Ans - All of the above
Which is the largest joint in the human body? Ans - Knee
Which of the following muscles does not extend the knee? Ans - Semitendinosus
How many joint(s) form the elbow region? Ans - 3
What type of motion is foot pronation? Ans - Triplanar
What is required for the human body to maintain balance? Ans - The center of mass
remains over the base of support
Which of the following is not a way the body maintains its sense of balance? Ans -
Sensory feedback from the auditory system
The vestibular system, from the inner ear, sends its information to what region of the
brain in order to maintain the body's sense of balance? Ans -
During closed-loop motor control, sensory feedback is first sent to which brain
structures? Ans - Cerebellum and sensory cortex
The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken based on the activity they receive is
known as: Ans - Synaptic plasticity
What are the primary functions of the cerebellum for maintaining a person's sense of
balance? Ans - Control of posture and gait
The brain receives sensory information from which of the following two structures that
are contained within muscles and tendons? Ans - Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon
organs
Why does closed-loop motor control take longer to produce a movement than open-loop
motor control? Ans - Closed-loop motor control requires sensory feedback
, How is synaptic strength at the neuromuscular junction enhanced? Ans - Both A and B
What is the nervous system component that directly activates skeletal muscle? Ans -
Upper motor neurons (wrong)
What is open-loop motor control? Ans - The execution of a motor program
Which of the following is not a function of the sensory cortex during movement? Ans -
Directly increases muscle tension
Motor learning is a process that: Ans - Changes areas of the motor cortex and
strengthens synapses
Which of the following is not a function of the cerebellum? Ans - Compares two copies
of a motor program from the motor cortex (wrong)
Which term describes a long lasting increase in synaptic strength? Ans - Long-term
potentiation
Center of mass is also known as what? Ans - Center of gravity
Which area of the brain receives input from the visual system? Ans - Cortex
Which term describes how a movement is automatically produced by the brain? Ans -
Motor program
Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction? Ans - Acetylcholine
Which of the following best describes the neuromuscular junction? Ans - The space
between an upper motor neuron and muscle (WRONG)
The feeling of being stable is known as: Ans - Sense of balance
The sense of body orientation and self-motion is controlled by which system? Ans -
Visual system
How many systems work together to maintain a person's sense of balance? Ans - 3
The movement pattern developed through practice is known as a: Ans - Motor program
Which of the following best describes how motor learning is possible? Ans - The brain
and synapses can adapt to the input they receive
What is the primary function of Golgi tendon organs? Ans - Sense changes in muscle
tension
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