Summary

Summary Gender Bias: question + answers

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Course
Issues and Debates

Institution
AQA

Two 4 mark question and answers to the following questions: 'Describe one example of psychological research that demonstrates alpha bias' 'Describe one example of psychological research that demonstrates beta bias' Both received full marks.

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Uploaded on September 8, 2023
Number of pages 1
Written in 2021/2022
Type Summary

alpha bias
beta bias
gender bias

Study Level
A/AS Level
Examinator
AQA
Subject
Psychology
Unit
Issues and Debates

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Describe one example of psychological research that demonstrates
alpha bias [4 marks]

Alpha bias is research which emphasises and over exaggerates the differences between
men and women. An example of this is Freud’s psychosexual stages of development, which
focus heavily on the implications of the phallic stage on boys which can be resolved as they
begin to identify with their father. From this, they will develop a strong superego and develop
morally. However, a girl’s identification with their mother is weaker than a boy's identification,
therefore leading her superego to be weaker. This suggests that women are morally inferior
and weaker than boys, and so overestimating their differences.

Describe one example of psychological research that demonstrates beta
bias [4 marks]

Beta bias is research which under emphasises or ignores the differences between men and
women. This can be shown through when researchers generalise the results of all male
participants in a study to women as well, despite having not included them in their research.
Biological research into the fight or flight response has typically favoured male behaviour,
suggesting women tend to take on a more motherly, caring role due to the oxytocin hormone
rather than ‘fight or flight’. This ignores the differences in men and women, as it assumes
and generalises women’s response to threatening situations based on their hormone levels.
This shows how gender bias in research can lead to a misinterpretation of women's
behaviour due to a lack of inclusion for them in research.

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