📖
Personality disorders
Created @October 24, 2022 11:58 AM
Class Psychological well-being and individual differences
Type Lecture
Reviewed
Level 4
Teacher Dr Will Reader
Week 13
📌 SUMMARY: There are 3 clusters of personality disorders; A = odd or
eccentric behaviour, B = dramatic, emotional or erratic behaviours and C =
anxious or fearful disorders. Psychopathy is more extreme than ASPD,
however, DSM-V does not have a diagnosis for it. For this reason,
psychopathy is diagnosed by the PCLR-R, devised by Hare in 1993. Some
common symptoms of psychopathy are: superficial charm, grandiosity and
lying/deception. The PCLR has 20 items scored on a scale of 0 (not present)
→ 2 (definitely present). The items mostly fit into one of the following
categories: interpersonal, lifestyle, affective, antisocial. The threshold for
psychopathy in the USA is 30/40 and in the UK it is 25/40. There are
biological theories for psychopathy, for example heritability and a weak
amygdala. There are also environmental factors. In terms of treatment, there
is no cure but therapy does provide some help. However, it is believed that
intervention is more effective.
Class Notes:
Recall Notes
Personality disorders 1
, Write 3+ Qs to test Future You “An enduring pattern of inner experience and
behaviour that deviates markedly from the
What is cluster A of
expectations of the culture of the individual who
personality disorders?
exhibits it” - DSM-5
odd or eccentric behaviours
(schizoid, schizotypal, 3 clusters of personality disorders:
paranoid) A - odd or eccentric behaviours
What is cluster B of Schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid
personality disorders?
B - dramatic, emotional or erratic behaviours
dramatic, emotional or
Anti-social, borderline, narcissistic,
erratic behaviours (anti-
histrionic
social, narcissistic)
C - anxious or fearful disorders
What is cluster C of
personality disorders? Avoidant, dependent, obsessive
compulsive
anxious or fearful disorders
(avoidant, dependent, Cluster B → characterised by shallow or
obsessive compulsive) dysfunctional emotions, grandiosity, inappropriate
self worth, weak relationships and exploitative
Who devised the
behaviour
psychopathy checklist PCL-R?
Robert Hare (1993) Anti-social personality disorder, psychopathy,
sociopathy
What is psychopathy?
DSM-5 does not include a diagnosis for
a more extreme subset of psychopathy
APSD
Anti-social personality disorder
What are some common
symptoms of psychopathy? Psychopathy diagnosed by “Psychopathy checklist
PCL-R (Hare, 1993)
superficial charm,
grandiosity, Psychopathy is a more extreme subset of ASPD
lying/deception, impulsivity A “psychopathic” subtype of ASPD is discussed in
What is the PCL-R? DSM-5
Developed by Hare, 20 Psychopathy is more extreme than ASPD
items based on interviews Not a consensus in the difference between
etc, 4 factors psychopathy or sociopathy
What are the 4 factors in the Symptomatology:
PCL-R?
Personality disorders 2
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