AAAAI/ACAAI Online Joint Board Certification Review with Complete Solutions.
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Course
AAAAI/ACAAI
Institution
AAAAI/ACAAI
1. Which of the following statements is true.
A.) Signaling through the TCR is sufficient to activate naïve T cells
B.) CD28 is a costimulatory molecule that is needed to activate naïve T cells
C.) CD80 and CD86 interact with CD4 to inhibit TCR signaling
D.) Costimulatory molecules activate...
2023-2024 AAAAI/ACAAI Online Joint Board Certification Review with Complete Solutions.
1. Which of the following statements is true.
A.) Signaling through the TCR is sufficient to activate naïve T cells
B.) CD28 is a costimulatory molecule that is needed to activate naïve T cells
C.) CD80 and CD86 interact with CD4 to inhibit TCR signaling
D.) Costimulatory molecules activate phosphatases that inhibit Zap70 - ANSWER-B.) CD28 is a costimulatory molecule that is needed to activate naïve T cells
1. Which of the following statements is true?
A.) ITIMs recruit phosphatases such as SHP-1 and SHP-2
B.) ITAMs have intrinsic kinase activity
C.) Phosphatases always mediate inhibitory signals
D.) Adaptor proteins phosphorylate ITAMs - ANSWER-A.) ITIMs recruit phosphatases such as SHP-1 and SHP-2
Which one of the statements regarding function of adaptor proteins is true?
A.) Recruitment of other signaling molecules via specialized domains.
B.) Phosphorylate other proteins via kinase domain.
C.) Inhibit downstream signaling by dephosphorylation.
D.) Are only expressed on the surface of cells. - ANSWER-A. Recruitment of other signaling molecules via specialized domains.
B-1 B cells:
A.) Are localized in the spleen at the junction between the white pulp and the red pulps
B.) Are dependent on 'help' from CD4+ T cells
C.) Constitutively secrete antibody
D.) Require replenishment from the bone marrow to maintain their population - ANSWER-C.) Constitutively secrete antibody
Isotype Class Switching:
A.) Requires T cell help and occurs in the T cell zones of the lymphoid tissues
B.) Occurs by alternative mRNA splicing C.) Requires activation of the RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes
D.) Results in deletion of the constant region genes between C and the newly express heavy chain class/subclass - ANSWER-D.) Results in deletion of the constant region genes between Cm and the newly express heavy
Somatic Hypermutation:
A.) Is involved in the generation of antibody diversity prior to exposure to antigen
B.) Requires the activity of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID)
C.) Is involved in the insertion of N-nucleotides
D.) Occurs in both B cell and T cell receptor genes - ANSWER-B.) Requires the activity of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID)
TNF:
A.) Is secreted from cells by the action of TACE
B.) Is secreted via a signal peptidase-dependent mechanism
C.) Production by eosinophils is important for cellular expansion in the draining lymph node
D.) Is expressed as a type II membrane protein dimer in macrophages - ANSWER- A.) Is
secreted from cells by the action of TACE
A middle-aged female patient presents with episodic shortness of breath, fever, hypoalbuminemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and elevated C-reactive protein. On cardiac exam, you detect a 'tumor plop.' Why cytokine produced by this tumor is responsible for the abnormal lab tests in this patient?
A.) TSLP
B.) IL-2
C.) IL-6
D.) IL-15 - ANSWER-C.) IL-6
IL-15:
A.) Transduces its signal through a receptor that shares its a-chain with the receptor for IL-2
B.) Is a member of the common cytokine receptor b-chain gene family
C.) Is expressed at high levels in the spleen germinal centers
D.) Supports the differentiation of NK cells - ANSWER-D.) Supports the differentiation of
NK cells
T cells require two signals for activation. The second signal has which of the following features: A.) It is induced on antigen presenting cells by microbial products B.) It is induced on B cells by IgM C.) It is induced by IL-2 from the activated T cell D.) Coordinate interactions with NK cells recognizing stress molecules drive expression of the second signal - ANSWER-A.) It is induced on antigen presenting cells by microbial products
The T cell repertoire is shaped by selection in the thymus. Which of these has a correct order of events?
A.) Double positive before double negative T cells B.) Medullary selection before cortical selection C.) Selection before VDJ recombination D.) Positive selection before negative selection - ANSWER-D.) Positive selection before
negative selection
Antigen presentation relies on capture of an antigen peptide on the surface of the MHC molecule. Which of these is true about the MHC class I antigen presentation pathway?
A.) Amino acid variants on both of the polymorphic alpha and beta chains contribute to selectivity of peptide "fit" for that HLA type B.) Antigen presenting cells alone have the capacity to present antigens in the context of MHC class I C.) The antigen is captured on the surface of the cell and routed through the lysosomes to digest it into peptides D.) MHC class I utilizes the peptide loading complex to move peptides from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER-D.) MHC class I utilizes the peptide loading complex to move peptides from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum
A 14 year old male with moderate atopic dermatitis presents to your clinic for further evaluation. He has been previously treated with increasing strength of topical corticosteroids (compliance confirmed with pharmacy and family) without improvement. Similarly, he has also used topical calcineurin inhibitors without success. He maintains a good skin care regimen with moisturizing and bathing.
Lichenified lesions are noted on the flexor surfaces of his extremities.
You have decided to administer a monoclonal antibody therapy directed against the IL-
4Rα subunit. In addition to injection site reactions, you must counsel the family on this particular side effect:
A.) Increased risk for oral thrush
B.) Self-limited conjunctivitis
C.) Worsening skin pruritis during first 12 weeks of therapy
D.) Nausea and liver enzyme increases - ANSWER-B. Self-limited conjunctivitis
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