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pharmacolgy class revission

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Antidepressants, often referred to as mood modifying medications, are commonly prescribed pharmaceutical treatments that aim to alleviate symptoms of depressions and related mental health disorders.

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  • September 7, 2023
  • 2
  • 2023/2024
  • Class notes
  • Dr. raheela
  • Pharmacology
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A Ray of Sun Shine

We all grow up hearing that sunlight have a strong energy in it which when falls upon us fills
not only our body with un-defined power but also energizes our souls from deep inside. A
ray of little sunshine can do wonders. It brightens up the room and brings in life to it. I
remembered myself appearing in some competitive exam I was panicked and out of fear my
legs were turning num. I opened the window next to me and ray of gold falls on me. Soon I
felt energy in my legs and up from there my all body charged up ready to take up the
challenge. I am pretty much sure many can relate to this experience. But why all this
happens? Because sunlight activates the magic protein underneath the skin and this protein
is 7 dehydroxycholestrol which is inactive form of sunshine vitamin; the vitamin D. Before
going into scientific facts and studies about vitamin D. I want you to take a moment out, if
you can, to open the window or stroll out in sun for a few minutes. Sunshine symbolizes
hope; hope of life.

Vitamin D and its deficiency
Vitamin D is present in inactive form underneath the skin which gets activated by sunlight.
Then after it undergo hydroxylation in liver and kidneys to be available for different
biological functions like maintaining blood levels of calcium and phosphorus for healthy and
strong bones but, that’s not all. The sunshine vitamin is involved in many other processes
too. It is important for your skin, hair, immunity, metabolism and much more. As
mentioned, vitamin D requires sunlight to be activated many people staying inside due to
their work demands or living in extreme weather countries (very hot or very cold) where
people prefer to stay inside leads to vitamin D deficiency. Mostly vitamin deficiency
symptoms can easily overlook causing many health issues. There is lot to mention about
vitamin D but for the purpose of this article lets go to least known functions of this all-
rounder vitamin.

Sunshine for skin shine:
Many people among us might not very much know about the link between vitamin D and
healthy skin. Sunlight have 2 types of radiation: ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B. UVB is
required for activation of vitamin D but it cannot pass the glass unlike UVA so staying in
closed sunny room or commuting in closed vehicle won’t help. We need 10-15 minutes
exposure of sun at least thrice weekly to have optimum amount of vitamin D activation. It
helps in preventing dry skin conditions like psoriasis, eczema or premature aging. Vitamin D
is gaining attention of many dermatologist and cosmetologist as new way to turn back the
“time- effect” on your skin. Many cosmetics now have vitamin D supplementation in it. Hair-
fall is another effect of vitamin D deficiency. Many studies published in different medical
journals have already showed the role of vitamin D in stimulating old and new hair follicles. I
personally experienced sever hair fall and dry skin due to vitamin D deficiency and the
purpose of writing this is to aware people with this hidden cause of vitamin D deficiency. So,

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