Lecture notes - Cell And Molecular Biology (Cilia and Mitochondria)- Using Becker's World of the Cell, Global Edition
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Cell And Molecular Biology
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Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU)
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Becker\'s World of the Cell, Global Edition
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Test Bank for Becker's World of the Cell 10th edition by Jeff Hardin & James Lodolce Chapters 1-26 , ISBN: 9780135832011 |All Chapters Verified| Guide A+
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition by Jeff Hardin, All Chapter 1-26 | Complete Guide A+
Lecture notes - Cell And Molecular Biology (DNA - Genes) - Using Becker's World of the Cell, Global Edition
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Cilia, Flagella and Mitochondria 18/11/19
Microtubules – Hollow, large – α and β Tubulin = protein subunits
- Cylindrical – β and α = bind together
- Dynamic – grow and shrink – responds to cellular signals
- Constant polymerisation/depolymerisation – adding/removing tubulin dimers (chem
compound – 2 similar subunits) – GTP hydrolysis
- Green filaments = microtubules
- Originate from ‘microtubule organisation centre’
Structure depends on required function – e.g. – centrioles need lots of strength so 3, but flagella need
to move – less strength needed
Grow out from centrosome – (near nucleus) – anchored in place with triplet
Have a role in cell division
- Partition of replicated chromosomes
- Assembles and disassembles microtubule structure – forms mitotic spindle
- Centromere changes shape/structure – pulls chromatids
- 9 triples (27) microtubules – surrounded by protein matrix
- 9+0 = no tubules in centre
- Centriole pairs form mitotic spindle – so equal division of genetic material
Mitotic spindle controls chromosome movement
- 2x centrosomes (replication) – opposite poles of cell
- Microtubules grow out of them
Centrosome at prometaphase = Aster
- Tubules = down to midline and attached to kinetochore – attaches to chromatin
- Microtubules shorten (anaphase) – depolymerise at kinetochore ends – sister chromatids
more to opposite ends of cell
- Breaks down of microtubules = pulling motion
- Kinetochore breaks down microtubules – releases tubulin subunits
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