Lectures Oncology and Public Health (Minor Biomedical Topics in Healthcare)
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Course
Oncology and Public Health (AB_1027)
Institution
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
Complete summary with illustrations for all lectures of the course Oncology and Public Health. It contains all the material you need to study for the exam. I got an 8.6 at the exam with this summary.
(voor o.a. gezondheidswetenschappen, gezondheid en leven, biomedische wetenschappen, medische n...
Oncology and public health
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L1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
L2. Public health issues in oncology........................................................................................................4
L3. Introduction in oncology...................................................................................................................8
L4. Tumour diagnosis and treatment....................................................................................................12
L5. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy...........................................................................................15
L6. Oncogenesis....................................................................................................................................19
L7. Psycho oncology..............................................................................................................................24
L8. Cancer epidemiology......................................................................................................................28
L9. Late effects after treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma......................................................................32
L10. Pain management.........................................................................................................................37
L11. Prevention and screening.............................................................................................................41
L12. End-of life and palliative care........................................................................................................44
L13. E-health in oncology.....................................................................................................................50
L14. The CNS, chemotherapy and neurocognitive function..................................................................54
L15. Integrated oncological care for adolescents and young adults (AYA’s) with cancer.....................59
L16. Netherlands Cancer Registry ........................................................................................................62
L17. Cancer and nutrition.....................................................................................................................65
L18. Emotions in patients with cancer..................................................................................................72
L19. Cancer and work...........................................................................................................................77
L20. Rare cancers..................................................................................................................................81
L21. Risk communication and population cancer screening decisions.................................................85
L22. Shared decision making................................................................................................................90
,L1. Introduction
In the Netherlands: cancer is the leading cause of death!
Around one third of deaths from cancer are due to 5 leading behavioural and dietary risks:
• high body mass index
• low fruit and vegetable intake
• lack of physical activity
• tobacco use
• alcohol use
Oncology and public health
• Focus on prevention: limit risk factors for cancer (obesity, smoking, alcohol use, UV
radiation).
• Increase health care capacity: working in health care should be made more attractive.
• Efficient organization of health care: use of technology, ‘juiste zorg op de juiste plek’ (the
right care at the right location).
• Digitalization: connecting data.
• Support the needs of patients and survivors.
• Increase quality of life and quality of end-of-life.
,More man than woman get diagnosed with cancer
Secondary prevention = early detection and early prevention of progression of disease
About 50% of people diagnosed with cancer are in working age
More than 85% of all tumor types can be considered ‘rare’. Big five are; lung, skin, colon, breast and
prostate. But there are a lot of other types. 1 in 5 persons diagnosed with cancer is diagnosed with a
rare cancer.
1/3 of cancer cases are caused by an unhealthy lifestyle.
, L2. Public health issues in oncology
Public health = the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health
through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private,
communities
It refers to collective actions to improve population health
Three fields of public health research
1. Epidemiology and community diagnosis
2. Collective prevention and health promotion
3. Health care organization and performance (accessibility, insurance, etc)
Public health vs. medical science:
Application of public health
Population from local areas to the world population
Causes of disease (causes of causes) from behaviours to broader environments
what is the cause of smoking (as a cause of lung cancer) : social environment, physical
environment: cigarettes in advertisement
Prevention of disease from individual patients to national policies
General health outcomes from quality of life to healthy life expectancy
Functions in public health
Assessment and monitoring of the health of communities and populations at risk to identify
health problems and priorities
The formulation of public policies designed to solve identified local and national health
problems and priorities
Assure that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-effective care, including
health promotion and diseases prevention services
Prevalence is increasing, mortality is decreasing
Cancer is leading cause of death
1 in 8 deaths worldwide
Increasing global burden of cancer:
2012: Cases: 14.1 mln - Deaths: 8.2 mln
2030: Cases: 21.7 mln - Deaths: 13 mln
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