Summary Alevel History: Appointment of Hitler as Chancellor Mindmap
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Course
Depth Study (7042CO)
Institution
AQA
Complete notes on the appointment of Hitler as Chancellor from the AQA Alevel History, Democracy & Nazism course from an A* student!!!
This includes information on;
- Von Papen's gov
- Backstairs/political intrigue
- Shleicher's gov
- Hitler becomes Chancellor
As part of my ALevel studie...
Passed with a
These powers went far beyond majority of 512 votes
those imposed by the to 42. Showed the
constitution - showing the extent massive amount of
of gov moving away from unpopularity of
democracy to authoritarianism - Papen. Papen was
SPD did not resist his blatant therefore forced to
Papen & dissolve the
Schleicher hoped assault on democracy - shows
how far any idea of democracy Reichstag (get rid of
that this would his gov) and call new
result in the had been lost by this point
They did so by elections in Nov 1932
creation of a RW
agreeing to dissolve
authoritarian gov,
the Reichstag and
with the support
have fresh elections REICHSTAG
of the nazis Police panicked and opened
In order to and end the ban on ELECTIONS
helping this fire on the communists, killing Also felt free to break
strengthen the SA and SS NOVEMBER
introduced during and injuring many. Papen his agreement with
It was a presidential the gov, 1932
the Presidential blamed the SPD-led state gov Schleicher of
gov (article 48 Papen & In 1932, it
campaign for this breakdown in law and supporting the
being used & Schleicher became the order - used this as an excuse Chancellor and
abused) and it was wanted to scene of a large Although they
to shut down the local gov. began opposing
dominated by secure Prussia (largest SA march, which remained the
Declared a state emergency Papen w/ other
He was people with no political was confronted largest party, there
state of G) - was in Prussia and declared parties to debate a
essentially just political experience, support from by several was a loss of
a heavily LW himself in charge of Prussia. vote of no confidence
appointed in led by someone the Nazis communists support, loosing 2
area, w/ many
order to be a ' with no experience - (they were million votes
supporters of the
puppet' for destined to failure the ones SPD there. Hitler now had more
Schleicher and causing
Hindenburg disrupt) The nazis power over Papen and Mostly due to the MC -
Although, still not
became the Schleicher so after their did not like how they
Turning point in the a majority - would End of Papen's gov - not only was
Papen was LARGEST request of asking if the worked together with
struggle between have to have a he not a candidate but also lost the
appointed by political party in NSDAP will support the the KPD to do the vote
His experiences democracy & coalition gov support of the army
Schleicher due to the Reichstag gov, he refused of no confidence - fear
were so limited authoritarianism - only if he were to be of communism
that he didn't his lack of ability with 37% of the
and therefore, he vote, gaining 200 made chancellor
even hold a seat
in the Reichstag hoped that he 2. Von Papen's seats
REICHSTAG
would be able to gov between May ELECTIONS JULY 'Inner circle' of Hindenburg who KPD continued
influence the 1932 - Dec 1932 1932 advised him of appointment of to grow in
Chancellor Chancellors and the signing of support tho. It
The only parties who were appeared as
Presidential decree Although, some
Left wing parties such as increasing in votes during though H had
'The Cabinet of the SPD declined in vote these elections were the lost his chance could also argue
1. Collapse of Barons' was the whilst the KPD vote did extremists - democracy was Schleicher was deeply
to take power that actually
Brüning's gov in nickname of this gov INCREASE well and truly dead by 1932 involved in Papen's
by legal means democracy and
May 1932 due to cos it was dominated downfall, as he had been in the WR was
economic and by landowners & his appointment - Papen dead in the
After being betrayed/burned by political reasons industrialists 'Backstairs intrigue/political intrigue' - refers was too independently water by 1930
Schleicher - wants revenge to the idea of what is going on behind the minded for S's liking
scenes - the political discussions which
Appointment of Hitler as Chancellor allowed Hitler to become Chancellor
Importance of Hindenburg's inner
Papen had been involved in negotiations circle = they were the ones who
with Hitler over forming a new coalition gov, Shleicher worked for the restoration helped to appoint chancellors and
4. Hitler 3. Schleicher's gov between of an authoritarian rule in Germany w/out these Chancellor's who
with H now agreeing to actually be part of a Some might argue
coaltion, providing he would be chancellor
becomes Dec 1932 - Jan 1933 but as a pragmatist (thought contributed to an overall chaos of a
Chancellor that S never practically) he recognised that this situation, it might not have pushed
actually wanted to could not be achieved through a the WR to the end that it did.
become Chancellor. straight forward return to the past
Hitler, Papen and Hindenburg's inner With being behind
circle led to a deal where it was agreed to Appointed Chancellor
the scenes he could
bring down Schleicher and form a coaltion on 2nd Dec 1932
keep his position if Schleicher's last hope was to ask Hindenburg to
gov in which Hitler would be chancellor Failure of his gov -
things went wrong. suspend the constitution, dissolve the Reichstag
Only lasted ONE MONTH!! and give him dictatorial powers. Hindenburg's
Hitler was
Shows that democracy had refusal lead to his resignation
Hindenburg had appointed Shleicher needed broad support to
Chancellor on 30 Last option for Hindenburg completely deteriorated contract a stable gov, he tried 2
doubts about Hitler's
suitability but he was January 1933 at before Hitler - he regarded H ways to achieve this -
reassured by Papen the head of a and the Nazi party with disdain.
and Oskar coalition gov in The last hope of any WR was Shows how it was going to be a dictator either way
Hindenburg (his son) which Nazi lying in the hands of (although Hindenburg did not know that Hitler would have
Schleicher. Yes, Hindenburg 1. As the largest party, only the Nazis could provide this from within the
who convinced him ministers were in aimed for a dictatorship at this point)
did not want democratic WR, Reichstag. Schleicher therefore tried to persuade Strasser, someone
that Hitler was poorly a minority
but he also was fearful of the from the socialist part of the party, to join his gov, thereby putting
educated and had no pressure on Hitler to do the same. Hitler purged Strasser and reasserted
experience in gov - demands of H as Chancellor
his control over the party
meaning they would
be able to control him
2. Schleicher tried to persuade the trade unions to support his gov
with the promise of a progressive social policy w/ measures to help
the unemployed and restore wage levels. This also failed as it did
not attract much trade union support and alienated industrialists
and landowners
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