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Test Bank For Body Structures and Functions - 14th - 2022 All Chapters - 9780357457542
Test Bank For Body Structures and Functions - 14th - 2022 All Chapters
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CHAPTER 1 - SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS AND LAB PRACTICES 1. Science stems from a Greek word meaning truth. a. True b. False ANSWER: False RATIONALE: The term “science” is relatively new, being coined by William Whewell in 1834; however, scientific concepts can be traced back millions of years. Science stems from the Latin word Scientia, meaning “knowledge.” POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Research and describe scientific history and the contributions of scientists. 2. The Age of Enlightenment spans from the late eighteenth century to today. a. True b. False ANSWER: False RATIONALE: Science in the Age of Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, spans from the end of the Scientific Revolution until the late eighteenth century. This period gives rise to scientific societies and academies and saw advancements in medicine, chemistry, taxonomy, mathematics, and physics. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Research and describe scientific history and the contributions of scientists. 3. Scientific theories are based on natural and physical phenomena. a. True b. False ANSWER: True RATIONALE: Scientific theories are based on natural and physical phenomena. Scientific theories are well-established explanations, whereas a hypothesis is an assumption until experimentation has proven it true. Scientific theories provide highly reliable evidence. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Evaluate the impact of scientific research on society and the environment. 4. The scientific method was created in the late 18th century. a. True b. False ANSWER: False RATIONALE: The scientific method, created by Frances Bacon in 1620, is a method of inquiry based on three main concepts: observation, experimentation, and the development of theories or natural laws. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Research and describe scientific history and the contributions of scientists. 5. Safety is the number one priority for all individuals working in a laboratory setting. a. True b. False ANSWER: True RATIONALE: Safety is the number one priority for all individuals working in a laboratory setting. Laboratory hazards may be physical, chemical, or biological. 1 CHAPTER 1 - SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS AND LAB PRACTICES POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Conduct investigations using safe, environmentally appropriate, and ethical practices. 6. Biased research has a positive effect on society. a. True b. False ANSWER: False RATIONALE: Research can negatively impact affect society. This is especially true if the research is biased, or when if an investigator influences the direction of an investigation. This is harmful because knowledge and procedures may influence the way people think about themselves, others, and the environment. If an investigation is skewed and proper procedures are not followed, this could be detrimental to society. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Evaluate the impact of scientific research on society and the environment. 7. No legitimate concerns have been raised regarding the environmental impact from research and experimentation. a. True b. False ANSWER: False RATIONALE: The concern of environmental impact from research and experimentation is legitimate. To minimize any adverse effects, all proper safety and disposal measures should be implemented. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Evaluate the impact of scientific research on society and the environment. 8. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) must be available for all chemicals present in a laboratory setting. a. True b. False ANSWER: True RATIONALE: Safety Data Sheets (SDS) must be available for all chemicals present in a laboratory setting. The SDS provides information on the hazards of the chemical, the personal protective equipment needed when handling the chemical, and the parts of the body that could be affected by exposure. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Conduct investigations using safe, environmentally appropriate, and ethical practices. 9. Experimental investigations are also called observational testing. a. True b. False ANSWER: False RATIONALE: Experimental investigations are conducted to support, refute, or validate a hypothesis. Observational investigation, also called observational testing, is used for cause-and-effect relationships. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Use critical thinking, scientific reasoning, and problem solving to make informed decisions. 10. Researchers use empirical evidence to prove that a hypothesis is true. a. True 2 CHAPTER 1 - SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS AND LAB PRACTICES b. False ANSWER: True RATIONALE: Researchers use empirical evidence to prove that a hypothesis is true. Empirical evidence remains the same no matter who observes the data. Empirical results support a hypothesis. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Analyze and organize data during laboratory and field investigations. 11. The Scientific Revolution began _____. a. toward the end of the Renaissance period b. during Plato’s lifetime c. in the late eighteenth century d. around 15,000 BCE ANSWER: a RATIONALE: Scientific discoveries can be documented in periods of time. The Scientific Revolution began towards the end of the Renaissance period and continued though the late eighteenth century; it saw a major transformation in scientific thought and ideas across multiple disciplines that led to the emergence of modern science POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Research and describe scientific history and the contributions of scientists. 12. Science in the Age of Enlightenment spans from _____ until the late eighteenth century. a. early Greek philosophers b. the discovery of the science of agriculture c. the end of the Scientific Revolution d. when tools were first made ANSWER: c RATIONALE: Science in the Age of Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, spans from the end of the Scientific Revolution until the late eighteenth century. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Research and describe scientific history and the contributions of scientists. 13. In the _____, science became a known profession rather than just an interest. a. Age of Reason b. time of the Greek philosophers c. Renaissance period d. nineteenth century ANSWER: d RATIONALE: The nineteenth century saw a great amount of scientific progress. Science became a known profession; previously, it was just considered an interest. There were many influential discoveries that occurred in this century that established current scientific philosophies and reasoning. POINTS: 1 NOTES: Learning Objective: Research and describe scientific history and the contributions of scientists. 14. A hypothesis is described as _____. a. observational evidence b. an educated guess c. a scientific theory d. empirical evidence ANSWER: b RATIONALE: A hypothesis is an idea that has a foundation in the natural phenomena observed in nature. A hypothesis stems from an observation that can be tested and either proven as “true,” or identified as “false.” A hypothesis is described as an “educated guess.” POINTS: 1 3The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
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