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PN 2002 Final Review Exam
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PN 2002 Final Review Exam 2023-2024Perception - ANSWER a cognitive process by which a person transforms external sensory
data into personalized images of reality
Problem solving - ANSWER a comprehensive, sequential, cognitive process used to solve a
problem by reducing the difference between current and desired condit
Problem solving process- scientific method - ANSWER · Define the problem
· Gather data
· Analyze data
· Develop solutions
· Implement solutions
· Evaluate solutions
Decision-making - ANSWER is a process that chooses a preferred option or course of actions
from among a set of alternatives based on given criteria or strategies.
Decision Making Process - ANSWER · Define problem
· Set goals/ identify evaluation criteria
· Identify alternatives for each outcome.
· Evaluate alternatives for each outcome
Choose the preferred alternative
Critical Thinking - ANSWER analytical process in which you purposefully use specific thinking
skills to make clinical decisions.
What is conflict? - ANSWER An opportunity to understand opposing preferences and values
Selective attention - ANSWER is the process of focusing on a particular object in the
environment for a certain period.
negative self - ANSWER -talk is any inner dialogue you have with yourself that may be
limiting your ability to believe in yourselfand your own abilities, and to reach your potential.
Conflict Resolution - ANSWER identifying sources of conflict, set goals, implement solutions.
,Conflict Resolution
Step 1: - ANSWER : make the approach
· Reflect before you begin
· Invite the other party to a conversation
· Be clear about your intentions
· State your goal - a positive resolution
Conflict Resolution Step 2: share perspectives - ANSWER · Ask for the other persons
perspective
· Paraphrase what you hear
· Acknowledge their contribution
· Describe your perspective
Name the issue
· Identify topics that others view as important
· Use concise and neutral language
· Avoid pronouns (she is, you are, he is)
· Use issues to create the agenda
Conflict Resolution Step 3: Build understanding - ANSWER Discuss one issue at a time
· Clarify assumptions
· Explore interests and feelings
Conflict Resolution Step 4: Agree on solution - ANSWER · Reality test: is this doable?
· Durability test: is this durable?
· Interest test: does this meet all parties' interests?
Conflict Resolution Step 5: plan next steps - ANSWER · Create an action plan
· What needs to happen
· How will interaction take place if problems occur?
, Compromising - ANSWER an approach to conflict resolution that involves both assertiveness
and cooperation on the part of everyone
Summarizing - ANSWER is an active listening skill used to review content and process.
Ethnicity - ANSWER - the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common
national or cultural tradition.
Health Inequity - ANSWER differences in health status or in the distribution of health
resources between different population groups, arising from the social conditions in which
people are born, grow, live, work and age.
Mutuality - ANSWER the recognition of reificatory in which we value and support the
well-being of patients
Culture - ANSWER the social behavior and norms found in human societies.
Culture Aspects - ANSWER - language, customs, values, norms, mores, rules, tools,
technologies, products, organizations, and institutions
Cultural Competency - ANSWER a set of cultural behaviours and attitudes integrated into
the practice methods of a system, agency or its professionals which enables them to work
effectively in cross cultural situations. The ability to interact effectively with people of
different backgrounds
Cultural humility - ANSWER - the ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is open to
others
Cultural Diversity - ANSWER - variations among cultural groups.
Ethnocentrism - ANSWER - the attitude that one's own group, ethnicity, or nationality is
superior to others.
Empathy - ANSWER - the ability to be sensitive to and communicate understanding of the
patient's feelings. - therapeutic communication technique
Sympathy - ANSWER - understanding between people; common feeling. - not used in
nursing practice
SBAR - ANSWER - situation, background, assessment, recommendations
· is a communication tool that provides a method of clearly communicating the pertinent
information from a clinical encounter
· Situation: client details, identify reason for communication, describe concerns - ANSWER
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