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AANP Exam Drugs 2023.
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AANP Exam Drugs 2023.
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AANP Exam DrugsWarfarin sodium (Coumadin): monitor what? Ans - INR
Digoxin (Lanoxin): monitor what? Ans - Dig level, EKG,
electrolytes (potassium, magnesium, calcium)
Theophylline: monitor what? Ans - Monitor blood levels
Carbamazepine (Tegretol) and phenytoin (Dilantin): monitor what?
Ans - Monitor blood levels
Lithium: monitor what? Ans - Blood levels, TSH (risk of
hypothyroidism)
What antibiotic interacts with warfarin (Coumadin)? Ans - Sulfa
drugs: Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) elevates INR
increasing risk for bleeding
First pass metabolism drugs can not be given by which route? Ans
- Oral
Name Drugs that act as inhibitors slow drug clearance and increase
drug concentration Ans - Macrolides, antifungals, cimetidine,
citaprolam
Macrolides Ans - Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Pediazole
Azithromycin
Antifungals Ans - Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Cimetidine Ans - Tagamet
Citaprolam Ans - Celexa
Cardiac Glycosides (class)
Name of drug? Ans - Digoxin (lanolin)
Treats A Fib
Not first line for HR control in a fib
, S/s of dig toxicity, treatmeht Ans - Initially: GI (anorexia, n/v,
abdominal pain)
Others sx: arrhythmias, confusion, visual changes (yellowish green
tinged color vision, scotomas)
Treatment of severe dig toxicity Ans - Digoxin-binding
antibodies (Digibind)
Therapeutic Digoxin range Ans - 0.5-2.0 ng/mL
Labs to check for suspected dig toxicity Ans - Digoxin level,
electrolytes (potassium, magnesium, calcium), creatinine, serial
EKGs
Normal potassium Ans - 3.5-5.0
Critical: <2.5, >6.5
Decreases emboli, used to treat a fib, stroke, pulmonary emboli
Ans - Warfarin sodium(Coumadin)
Target INR for pt with a fib on warfarin Ans - 2.0-3.0
What if INR is too high? Ans - If no s/s of bleeding, Hold warfarin
for 1-2 doses, recheck every 2-3 days, may need to add a small dose
of vitamin K, avoid vit K foods
After INR stabilized, check monthly
Foods high in vit K Ans - Green leafy, cabbage, mayonnaise,
canola oil, soybean oil
S/s of bleeding on warfarin Ans - Petechiae
Bleeding gums
Bruising
Dark stools
List thiazide diuretics Ans - HCTZ 12.5-25mg po daily
Chlorthalidone 12.5-25
Indapamide (Lozol)
Adverse effects of thiazide diuretics Ans - Hyperglycemia
(caution DM)
Elevates triglycerides and LDL
Elevates uric acid
Hypokalemia (muscle weakness, arrhythmias)
Name potassium sparing diuretics Ans - Triamterene (Dyrenium)
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