a. The cohort born in 1920 suffered more than the cohort born in 1928.
b. Teenaged girls were more likely than teenaged boys to be forced into the workplace
prematurely because of economic hardship.
*c. Teenagers whose families experienced severe economic difficulty assumed adult
responsibility prematurely.
d. The adolescents who were forced prematurely into the workforce were better adjusted
as adults.
4. (TCO 1)The Maple Leaf Elementary School counselor, social worker, and the parents
of 8-year-old Jimmy Jackson are working as a cooperative team to determine why Jimmy
exhibits a pattern of highly aggressive behavior toward his peers and teachers. Jimmy's
behavior has been extensively observed, he has been subjected to a battery of
psychological tests, and his parents have been interviewed. This in-depth examination of
Jimmy Jackson is an example of
@ Chapter 1, page 12
a. an ethnograph.
b. naturalistic observation.
c. a correlational study.
*d. a case study.
,5. (TCO 1) Of the following, which is the best example of naturalistic observation?
@ Chapter 1, page 11
a. The school psychologist has administered aptitude tests to the sophomore class of
Martin Luther King, Jr. High School.
b. A researcher interested in the effects of caffeine upon learning provides high-caffeine
drinks to an experimental group who are being taught a complicated game and provides
caffeine-free drinks to a control group who are being taught the same game.
c. A serial killer is subjected to a battery of psychological exams and intensive interviews
in an effort to determine the factors that influenced his developmental pathway to
homicidal behavior.
*d. Researchers interested in children's gender-related interactions videotape children
while they are playing during recess and while they are engaged in cooperative learning
assignments in their classrooms.
6. (TCO 1)Researchers have found that children born to mothers who smoke during and
after pregnancy are more likely to develop respiratory illness. This is an example of
which of the following?
@ Chapter 1, page 13
a. A negative correlation
b. An experimental finding
c. A strong correlation
*d. A positive correlation
, 7.(TCO 1)An experiment is designed to study the effects of long lectures on the sleeping
behavior of college students. In such a study, the dependent variable is
@ Chapter 1, page 14
*a. sleeping behavior of college students.
b. long lectures.
c. the length of time a lecture runs.
d. college students.
8. (TCO 1)You are a taking part in a survey that asks about your attitudes toward
physical punishment of children. Even though you believe that spanking is sometimes
necessary, you answer that you are opposed to any sort of physical punishment. Which of
the following terms best describes why you answered the way that you did?
@ Chapter 1, page 13
*a. Social desirability
b. Experimenter bias
c. Randomness
d. Sample representation
9. (TCO 1)Researchers designed an experiment to study the effects of a professor's sense
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