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CSET V – Spanish| Questions with 100% Correct Answers
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CSET V – Spanish| Questions with 100%Correct Answers
El Salvador Civil War(1980-1992) - -- Lasted 12 years (75,000 deaths)
- the 1980 assassination of Archbishop Oscar Romero that sparked the
conflict
- the rape and murder of four American churchwomen that caused
international outrage
- the 1989 Jesuits Massacre that finally compelled the international
community to intervene, UN Truth Commission
- The Truth Commission's report attributed the overwhelming majority of the
human rights abuses to the Salvadoran armed forces and the paramilitaries.
-Marianismo - -The "ideal" traditional Latin American woman who is patient,
loving, gentle, and willing to suffer in silence. It is the veneration for feminine
virtues like purity, passivity, and "moral" strength.
-Familism - -Idea that the family's well-being takes precedence over the
concerns of individual family members.
While the predominant cultural values in the U.S. focus mainly on the
individual, Latino cultural values are rooted in collectivism.
-Personalismo - -An emphasis on politeness and courtesy, and establishing
a good rapport with someone — a personal connection — before getting
down to business or the task at hand. It is also the "unconditional recognition
of the essential value of each individual."
-Moctezuma/Montezuma - -Aztec emperor who organized the construction
and completion of a double aqueduct pipe system, supplying the city of
Tenochtitlan with fresh water.
-Montezuma II - -The last Aztec emperor in Mexico who was overthrown and
killed by Hernan Cortes (1466-1520)
-La Malinche (Dona Marina) - -She was one of 20 women slaves given to the
Spaniards by the natives of Tabasco in 1519. Later, she became a mistress
to Cortés and gave birth to his first son, Martín, who is considered one of the
first Mestizos. She acted as an interpreter, advisor, lover, and intermediary
for Cortés. Some regard her as a traitor.
-malinchista - -Word for traitor in Mexican, derived from la Malinche.
-La Noche Triste - -In 1520 Spaniards tried to escape Tenochtitlan but
thousands of Aztecs attacked them on their way out. Cortez escaped but 450
spaniard troops died.
, -Olmecs + contributions - -The first Mesoamerican people to fathom the
concept of zero, develop a calendar, and create a hieroglyphic writing
system. Also, they are credited for the discovery of the first conduit drainage
system known in the Americas. These intellectual achievements, along with
Olmec myths and rituals, were influential in the subsequent Maya, Zapotec,
Mixtec and Aztec cultures.
-Olmecs - -The first significant civilization to develop in Mesoamerica. They
lived in the rainforests along the Gulf of Mexico and left behind colossal
heads carved from rocks.
-Simon Bolivar - -A Venezuelan military and political leader who was
instrumental in helping Latin American countries achieve independence from
the Spanish Empire. During his lifetime, he helped countries such as
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia to achieve independence.
-Mexicans in the US in the 1930s - -During the Great Depression, Mexicans
faced the threat of deportation. Hundreds of thousands of Mexican
immigrants, especially farmworkers, were sent out of the country. Many of
them the same workers who had been eagerly recruited a decade before.
-Ranchera Music - -Music that originated from rural Jalisco. It embodies the
nostalgic spirit of romanticized country life, family, horses and tragic love
affairs. It became popular during the Mexican Revolution. A famous ranchera
music singer is Vicente Fernandez.
-Puerto Rican immigration - -In the early 20th century the island suffered a
severe economic depression. This made many Puerto Ricans eager for a
fresh start, and U.S. factory owners and employment agencies had begun
recruiting heavily on the island.
-Cuban immigration - -Occurred in two periods: the first series of
immigration to the US resulted from Cubans establishing cigar factories in
Tampa and from attempts to overthrow Spanish colonial rule by the
movement led by José Martí. The second to escape from Communist rule
under Fidel Castro following the Cuban Revolution.
-Edward Roybal - -Chicano who served both as a member of the Los
Angeles City Council, and the US House of Representatives for 3o years. He
fought for bilingual education and underprivileged people.
-Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz - -Famous Mexican poet who was denied access
into University of Mexico because she was a woman. She was a self-taught
scholar and became a nun. She wrote about love, feminism, and religion. Her
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