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Summary childhood viruses
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summary of the most common childhood viruses in pharmacy
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Childhood virusesChickenpox
Varicella-zoster virus
A DNA virus
Stays in the body for a long time in nerves.
Can be reactivated later on in life leading to shingles.
Incubation period: 10-21 days
Deaths are rare
We don’t vaccinate against it because it’s a mild infection.
Pathophysiology
Transmitted by the respiratory droplets.
Enters the respiratory tract.
The virus is transported by the bloodstream.
It spreads to epithelial cells and mucous membranes.
Undergoes cell replication within the cells.
The immune system recognises the virus.
T cells are activated to target ad destroy infected cells
Symptoms:
Fever
Malaise: fatigue and discomfort
Headache
Swore throat
Vesicle development
Infectious until the scabs are dry
Who’s at risk:
Pregnant
Smokers:
o smoking suppresses the immune system
o smoke can impair the function of immune cells and lead to excessive
inflammation.
Management:
topical calamine lotion for itching
or chlorphenamine if over 1y
paracetamol for fever and pain management
aciclovir in patients over 14y
Pharmacy advice:
increase fluid intake.
wear smooth clothing.
keep nails short.
don’t scratch.
Rotavirus
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