Test Bank for Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past - 7 - Bentley - Chapter 01 Before History 1) The earth came into existence around A) 500 million years ago. B) 1 billion years ago. C) 4.5 billion years ago. D) 10 billion years ago. E) 27 billion years ago. 2) For some conventional historians, the term prehistory refers to the period before A) writing. B) the first hominid. C) the appearance of Homo sapiens. D) 1000 B.C.E. E) the work of the Greek historian Herodotus. 3) From the period four million to one million years ago, which of the following flourished in east Africa? A) Homo sapiens sapiens B) Homo erectus C) Neandertal peoples D) Homo sapiens E) Australopithecus 4) Which of the following statements about Australopithecus is accurate? A) They produced cleavers and hand axes. B) They traveled deliberately over distances as far as fifteen kilometers and more. C) They used their hands to walk, stayin g mostly on all fours, but also used their hands to fashion tools. D) The speech centers of their brains were large and well -developed. E) They represented a middle ground between ape and hominid, qualifying as neither. 5) The most important development of Homo erectus was A) fire. B) stone tools. C) walking upright on two legs. D) their communication skills. E) writing. 1 Test Bank for Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past - 7 - Bentley - Chapter 01 Before History 6) Which of the following statements about Homo erectus is accurate? A) They could produce complex tools but had little to no control over their environment. B) They kept to smaller bands of two to three individuals and sought to avoid even temporary interaction as larger groups. C) They had brains roughly the same size as those of the australopithecines, but better developed. D) They produced cleavers and hand axes. E) They lacked the physical dexterity of Homo habilis. 7) Which of the following effects did Homo sapiens have on their environment during the paleolithic era? A) the rapid extinction of Neandertals B) the transformation of rivers through widespread irrigation systems C) widespread deforestation across several continents D) the extinction of horses in the Americas E) the extinction of several plant species in Africa and Europe due to over -cultivation 8) Which of the following key differences from other animal species and hominids helped Homo sapiens develop language? A) opposable thumbs and complex prehensile digits B) living in communal structures involving numerous individuals C) artistic and creative abilities D) vocal cords and a separate mouth cavity with a tongue E) the ability to create and use tools 9) Between sixty and fifteen thousand years ago, Homo sapiens used superior intelligence, sophisticated tools, and language to A) build cities. B) travel through and exploit the natural world more efficiently than any other species. C) establish complex social and political institutions. D) develop the first known tools and controlled use of fire. E) develop farming communities. 2 Test Bank for Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past - 7 - Bentley - Chapter 01 Before History 10) Which of the following statements is true of the inhabitants of the paleolithic age? A) They had mastered writing. B) They domesticated an imals. C) They were hunters and gatherers. D) They had discovered agriculture. E) They had mastered working with iron. 11) Why did paleolithic societies possess much more gender equality than neolithic ones? A) There was much greater gender interdependence in food produc tion. B) Women were valued and sometimes deified for their role in childbearing. C) Paleolithic social structures developed to be matrilineal in nature. D) Women proved move valuable in the maintenance of agricultural systems than men. E) Paleolithic communities were much smaller, making each individual more valuable for the survival of the whole. 12) The foraging lifestyle required A) male-dominated societies. B) life in small bands, of which modern examples have thirty to fifty members. C) near-total isolation of groups from each other. D) women to devote most of their time to child -rearing. E) total gender equality. 13) The Venus figurines A) were first found in the ruins of Çatal Hüyük. B) date back to the time of Australopithecus. C) were representative of the matriarchal societies of the ne olithic age. D) are representations of the goddess of love, found in Jericho. E) reflect early humans' deep interest in fertility. 14) With the development of languages, human beings were able to A) produce long cutting edges. B) accumulate knowledge and transmit it to new generations. C) begin to fashion sharp tools from animal bones. D) devise means for catching fish from deep waters. E) invent spear throwers. 3 Test Bank for Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the Past - 7 - Bentley - Chapter 01 Before History 15) One of the interpretations of the early human cave paintings is that they represent A) positive proof of the limited inte llectual world of the early human. B) early worship of the forces of evil. C) a variety of sympathetic magic. D) the first conscious development of art for its own sake. E) a complicated, and so far indecipherable, written language. 16) What do archaeologists now believe is the most fundamental difference between the neolithic and paleolithic eras? A) artistry B) use of tools C) use of fire D) reliance on foraging for subsistence E) reliance on cultivation for subsistence 17) Which of the following effects did slash-and-burn cultivation have on the communities that used it? A) It prevented the communities that used it from experimenting with new crops. B) It allowed larger communities to develop than other forms of agriculture and cultivation. C) It encouraged migra tion through a need to move to new forested regions. D) It spurred a need for domesticated animals and carts, which led to the development of the wheel. E) It encouraged greater gender equality in the production of food than other agricultural techniques. 18) Which of the following is true of the Neandertals? A) They possessed an intellectual creativity that matched Homo sapiens, but they lacked the same capacity with tools and organization. B) They died out as a species roughly one hundred thousand years ago. C) They are considered a human species by most scholars, part of the Homo genus. D) They prepared burial sites, apparently out of a need to remove the dead from the community and not for emotional reasons. E) They traded with Homo sapiens but did not interbreed. 4
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