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NAVLE prep: 237 Verified Questions With Complete Solutions (Graded A+)
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NAVLE prep: 237 Verified Questions WithComplete Solutions (Graded A+)
Quiz :A person calls to to say she adopted a friend's dog and requests a copy of
the dog's medical record and radiographs. The former owner is a client at your
clinic. Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate action to
take?
A - Require original owner consent or court order to release information
B - Give caller a copy of medical record only
C - Give caller a copy of medical record and radiographs
D - After physical exam, start a new medical record documenting previous
issues
E - Give a summarized record with personal identifiers (vet, owner names)
blocked out - √Answer :A
According to the AVMA's Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics (2008 revision)
"Ethically, the information within veterinary medical records is considered
privileged and confidential. It must not be released except by court order or
consent of the owner of the patient. Veterinarians should secure a written
release to document that request."
Quiz :A 5 year old domestic short-haired spayed female cat is presented with
the complaints of anorexia, chronic vomiting, and weight loss.
Physical examination reveals icterus, dehydration, and fever. Thickened small
intestinal loops are appreciated with abdominal palpation, and serum
biochemistry shows increased bilirubin and liver enzymes.
The cat is diagnosed with extrahepatic biliary obstruction with accompanying
cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Which one of the following
normal anatomic features may predispose cats to this triad of diseases?
A - Narrowing of the duodenum distal to the entry of the common bile and
pancreatic ducts
B - Common opening of the pancreatic and common bile ducts into duodenum
C - Enlarged duodenal papilla in comparison to other species
D - Decreased proportion of alpha-smooth muscle actin in muscle fibers of the
wall of the gall bladder in cats
,E - Decreased diameter and increased branching of the hepatic ducts in
comparison to other species - √Answer :B
In cats, there is a common opening of the pancreatic and common bile ducts
into the duodenum. It is thought that this may predispose them to ascending
cholangitis and pancreatitis after vomiting associated with inflammatory bowel
disease, resulting in extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
Other possible etiologies of EHBO include neoplasia, biliary stricture, duodenal
obstruction, diaphragmatic hernia, and parasitic infection.
In all cases, there is a lack of bile entry into the intestinal tract, leading to
decreased absorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin K,
potentially resulting in coagulopathies.
Except in transient cases that are related to acute pancreatitis, surgical
intervention to relieve the obstruction is required as well as appropriate
supportive care, antimicrobial treatment, and vitamin K administration.
Quiz :Most of a litter of European wild boar at a zoological park have died. The
surviving piglets are in lateral recumbency with a frothy nasal discharge.
Necropsy of the piglets reveals pulmonary edema and copious fluid in the
trachea and bronchi along with grayish- white necrotic foci on the
myocardium. Which one of the following diseases is the most likely diagnosis?
A - Edema disease
B - Encephalomyocarditis
C - Glasser's Disease
D - Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome
E - Pseudorabies - √Answer :B
Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is caused by a cardiovirus in the family
picornaviridae. Confusingly, the virus is named for its effects on mice.
Think of rodents and exotic zoo mammals with EMCV. Pig-to-pig contact,
contamination of swine feed and water by rodents or ingestion of dead
rodents may cause disease. See pulmonary edema and copious transudate in
the respiratory tract, causing cardiac failure. Zoo outbreaks of EMCV have
included lions, African elephants, rhinos, hippos, sloths, llamas, antelope and
nonhuman primates. An outbreak of lion deaths at a Florida zoo in the USA
,occurred after feeding them the carcass of an African elephant that had died of
EMCV.
Edema disease is a neurologic disease caused by a hemolytic Escherichia coli
producing Shiga toxin e2 and F18 pili resulting in high mortality in recently-
weaned pigs.
Glasser's Disease, caused by Hemophilus parasuis is usually an acute disease of
6 to 8 week-old pigs which causes fibrinous arthritis, polyserositis, and
meningitis.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), is an arterivirus
causing reproductive failure and post-weaning respiratory disease.
Quiz :What is the main mode of transmission for feline leukemia virus?
A - Aerosol transmission
B - Shedding of virus via feces
C - Fomite transmission
D - Shedding of virus via saliva - √Answer :D
The correct answer is shedding of virus via saliva. The main mode of
transmission is via saliva. It requires prolonged, close contact. Cats may shed
the virus for months to years. Transmission may also occur through reuse of
instruments and blood. Virus is shed in saliva, tears, urine, and feces.
Quiz :You are working with a farmer who is having trouble with calves between
the age of 2 weeks and 6 months. They are alert, but weak, dyspneic and die
suddenly. On necropsy they have pale cardiac and skeletal muscles. What is
the farmer's problem?
A - Copper deficiency
B - Sorghum toxicity
C - Lightning strike
D - Selenium deficiency - √Answer :D
The correct answer is selenium deficiency. The pale muscle and clinical signs
are classic for vitamin E and selenium deficiency. This is important to
remember! Other things that should be on your differential list for this case
include cardiotoxic plants.
, Quiz :A 6-year old intact male domestic short haired cat presents with acute
onset exophthalmos of the right eye in the past 2 days. He is painful on
palpation around his eye and head. The eye can be retropulsed with minimal
resistance. He has not been eating in the past day and has a rectal temperature
of 103.4F (39.7 C). What is the most likely diagnosis?
A - Orbital neoplasia
B - Retrobulbar abscess
C - Anterior uveitis
D - Glaucoma - √Answer :B
The answer is a retrobulbar abscess. Acute, painful exophthalmos is usually
due to retrobulbar abscessation. These lesions are usually painful and may be
swollen. These animals are frequently systemically ill with fever and
leukocytosis. Causes of retrobulbar abscesses include penetrating wounds,
foreign bodies, spread from dental or sinus infection, and hematogenous
spread. Glaucoma does not cause exophthalmos, although, chronically it can
cause buphthalmos which may appear similar. Anterior uveitis also does not
cause exophthalmos.
Quiz :You are an associate veterinarian paid a base salary of $55,000 annually,
plus a 8 % bonus based on receipts above your monthly production goal of
$23,000. Bonuses are paid quarterly. Your last three month's production were:
$23,000, $28,000, and $27,000.
How much is your quarterly bonus?
A - $670
B - $840
C - $720
D - $810
E - $900 - √Answer :C $720
If $23,000 is the monthly production goal, then the month you brought in
$23,000 does not count towards a bonus.
In the second month, $ 28,000 = $5000 above goal
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