Exam (elaborations)
Exam 1 - NR325 / NR 325 (Latest 2023 / 2024) : Adult Health II - Chamberlain
- Institution
- Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR325 / NR 325 Adult Health II Exam 1 - Chamberlain
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NR-325 Adult Health IINR325 Exam 1
How do you mix insulin?
Draw up clear (fast acting) then cloudy (intermediate acting)
Insulin
- High risk medication
- Double check orders and medication with another nurse
- Know onset, peak, and duration
- Use insulin only syringes
How is insulin properly stored?
- Unused insulin needs to be stored in the refrigerator
- Opened vial of insulin needs to be stored at room temperature and out of the
sunlight; needs to be thrown away after 30 days
What does exercise do to blood sugar?
Lowers it
Cloudy insulins need to be mixed. How do you mix them?
Roll the vial in palms of hands
What type of sugar do diabetics need to avoid?
Simple sugars
,Why do insulin injection sites need to be rotated?
To prevent lipodystrophy
Factors affecting insulin absorption
- Heat increase absorption, cold decrease it
- Do not give insulin in arm or thigh prior to exercise, it will increase absorption
- Rubbing the injection site increase absorption
Insulin pump
Delivers insulin 24 hours a day through a catheter inserted into the subcutaneous
tissues; changed every 2-3 days
Diabetic diet education
- Avoid simple sugars
- Avoid/manage hypoglycemia
- Avoid snacking
- Limit alcohol
- Check blood glucose before each meal
Diabetes exercise education
- Exercise lowers BG and is best to exercise 1 hour after meals
- If BG is 100 or less before exercise, eat a 15g carb snack
- Check BG before, during, and after
- Always carry 10-15g carb snack
- Eat small carb snack every 30 minutes during exercise
What is the goal of "SICK" protocol?
Prevent DKA
, "SICK" Protocol
- Important for diabetics to adhere to specific guidelines when
sick
S: Sugar --> Check BG every 2-3 hours
I: Insulin --> Continue to take insulin
C: Carbs --> Take in enough carbs and drink enough fluids
K: Ketones --> If blood sugar is greater than 240, check ketone levels every 4 hours;
take rapid acting insulin if ketones are present; drink plenty of fluid to flush out
ketones
Hypoglycemia
- Blood sugar below 70
Causes:
- Mismatch in the timing of food intake and peak action of insulin or oral
hypoglycemic
- Administering too much insulin or medication
- Ingesting too little food, delaying the time of eating
- Exercising too much
- Drinking excessive alcohol without eating
Manifestations:
- Shakiness
- Palpitations
- Nervousness
- Diaphoresis
- Anxiety
- Pallor
- Confusion
- Seizures
Treatment:
- Rule of 15: if BG is less than 70, give 15g of carbs, retest in 15 minutes, if still less
than 70, repeat treatment
- Eat complex carb after BG is back up
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