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CCC2 PRN 1178 Exam 1|58 Questions and Answers |A+ Graded
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CCC2 PRN 1178 Exam 1|58 Questions andAnswers |A+ Graded
Signs/symptoms of cancer - -Unexplained weight loss, fever, fatigue, pain,
skin changes, Obstruction, Hemorrhage, Anemia, Fracture, Infection,
Cachexia.
-Screenings for men and women and when should be done - -Breast 20+,
Cervix 21-65, Colorectal men & women 50+, Endometrial women at
menopause, Lung if smoker 55-74, Prostate 50+, Cancer related check up
20+.
-Dehydration Signs & Symptoms and Interventions - -cool dry skin, poor
skin turgor, weak thready pulse. IV fluids or fluid orally.
-Osmosis - -Movement of pure solvent (liquid) across membrane, moves
from area of less solute concentration to area of greater concentration until
the solutions in the compartments are of equal concentration. Takes place
via a semipermeable membrane.
-Diffusion - -Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration. Passive transport is substances move back
and forth across the membrane until evenly distributed throughout the
available space
-Filtration - -A process that separates materials based on the size of their
particles.
-Active Transport - -Movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane
into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
-Hypokalemia Signs and Symptoms - -muscle weakness, fatigue, nausea
and vomiting, intestinal distention decreased bowel sounds
decreased, deep tendon reflexes, ventricular dysrhythmias, paresthesias
weak, irregular pulse, low potassium flat t waves, high heart rate low blood
pressure decreased GI motility.
-Fluid Overload Signs and Symptoms - -Shortness of breath, cough,
elevated b/p, puffiness around the eyes, edema in dependent areas;
distended veins, moist breath sounds, crackle lungs, increased urine output.
-Hypocalcemia Signs and Symptoms - -Diarrhea, Numbness and tingling of
extremities, Muscle cramps ,Tetany, Convulsions,Laryngeal spasms, Cardiac
, irritability,Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs,· Low calcium, low BP,
abnormal HR, hyperactivity, numbness. Shift of calcium in the bones.
-Hypernatremia - -Causes an osmotic shift of fluid from the cells to the
interstitial spaces, which causes a cellular dehydration and interruption of
normal cell processes.
-Electrolyte - -sodium, potassium, chloride.
-Fluid Balance Interventions - -Maintaining equal input and output. Replace
water loss with fluids containing sodium.
-Hypercalcemia - -Muscle weakness, lack of coordination, abdominal pain,
confusion, absent tendon reflexes, shallow respirations, emergency, elevated
b/p, thirst, polyuria, hypo-activity.
-Interstitial fluid - -Fluid in the spaces between cells. Extracellular.
-Intracellular and extracellular - -Fluid within the cell. Fluid outside of the
cell. Extracellular is Intravascular, Interstitial and Transcellular.
-Cancer - -A disease in which some body cells grow and divide
uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.· External
radiation therapy/teachings: help with coping, skin care, wash area once
daily with mild soap, limit sun exposure, do not use lotion, salve or alcohol
on the area, wear loose clothing over the area, do not shave the area.
-Dietary teaching to reduce risk for developing cancer: - -Moderate your
portion of red and processed meats, maintain healthy weight, fruits and
veggies, stay away from smoked foods.
-Chemotherapy side effects and interventions - -Nausea and vomiting, Loss
of appetite, Hair loss, Mouth sores, Fatigue, Skin care, Encourage good
nutrition and hydration, monitor signs of infections.
-Antimetics - -Control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to
the vomiting center of the brain during chemo treatments.
-CANCER Interventions - -C = Comfort
A = Altered body image
N = Nutrition
C = Chemotherapy
E = Evaluate response to medications
R = Respite for caretakers
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