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NUR 160 Exam 2, HONDROS Questions with correct Answers
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NUR 160 Exam 2, HONDROS Questions withcorrect Answers
Hypokalemia and lasix - -If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN before giving
Lasix
-Hypervolemia Causes - -CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt
intake, COPD
-Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms - -Headache, Confusion, Nausea,
Vomiting, Coma
-Hypovolemia Causes - -Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no
water access, significant injury to skin
-Moat accurate assessment of water balance - -daily weights in similar
clothing, same scale, same time- plus or minus 2 lbs per day, plus or minus 5
lbs a week
-Potassium (K+) - -3.5-5
-Hyperkalemia causes - -AKD, CKD, severe injuries, supplementation
-Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms - -muscle fatigue, weakness,
arrhythmia, irritability, Nausea, death
-Hypokalemia causes - -diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives,
ketoacidosis, alcohol abuse
-Hypokalemia signs and symptoms - -muscle cramps, abdominal distention,
constipation, arrhythmia
-Renal Pt Diet - -low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, bananas, leafy green
veggies, apples, avocados
-Sodium (Na+) - -135-145
-Hypernatremia Causes - -too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids,
increased dairy consumption
-Hypernatremia signs and symptoms - -decreased urinary output, firm
rubbery tissue turgor, restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
-Hyponatremia Causes - -Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting,
low sodium intake, burns, edema/ascites, small bowel obstruction
, -Hyponatremia signs and symptoms - -muscle weakness, fatigue,
Headache, restlessness, irritability, hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
-Magnesium (MG+) - -1.5-2.5
-Hypermagnesemia Causes - -Tums, CKD, diabetic ketoacidosis
-Hypermagnesemia signs and symptoms - -weakness, hypotension,
Vomiting, Nausea, coma, death
-Hypomagnesemia Causes - -alcoholism, decreased intake of vitamin D,
poor absorption
-Hypomagnesemia Signs and symptoms - -seizures, Increased DTR,
arrhthmias, agitation, Nausea, vomiting
-Alcoholics-precautions - -All alcoholics go in seizure precautions
-Calcium (Ca+) - -8-10
-Hypercalcemia causes - -supplements, calcium, immobilization, antacid,
parathyroidism
-Hypercalcemia signs and symptoms - -anorexia, N,V, decreased DTR,
confusion, coma, constipation, kidney stones
-Hypocalcemia Causes - -decreased calcium and Vit D, Diarrhea, diuretics,
alcoholism, malabsorption, burns
-Hypocalcemia signs and symptoms - -irritanility, osteoporosis, N,V,D,
increase dDTR, arrhtymtias, +Trousseau sign, +Chvostek sign
-Trousseau sign - -BP
-Chvostek sign - -cheek
-Heparin - -PTT
-Coumadin - -PT/INR
-PH (acidosis,alkalosis) - -7.35-7.45
-PO2 - -80-100
-PCO2 (Carbon Dioxide) - -35-45
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