Describe and Evaluate Multi-Store Model 16 marks: Essay Plan
3 views 0 purchase
Course
Memory
Institution
AQA
This detailed essay plan has 4 main points that construct the 4 paragraphs for your essay. Each paragraph follows a point, evidence, explanation (P.E.E.) technique with support studies (e.g Peterson and Peterson 1959, Scoville and Milner 1957 ) and further evaluation of the results. The main focu...
1. Description
AO1: Information enters sensory register, where it is held at 5 of the senses (visual
inf. enters iconic memory, acoustic enters echoic). Sensory register is constantly
receiving information so its capacity is large, but the duration is small. If not paid
attention to sensory information is lost within milliseconds. If a person is focused on
one of the sensory stores the data transfers to STM. There it is mainly stored
acoustically (Baddeley 1966) As investigated by Miller, the capacity in STM is limited,
only 5-9 items or larger chunks of information. Memory traces in STM are very fragile
and if not rehearsed and subsequently transferred to LTM can be lost within 18-30s
due to decay or displacement. If material is rehearsed it is transferred semantically to
LTM where it can remain for a lifetime.
A03: However, research into duration, capacity lacks ecological validity. Laboratory
experiments, artificial tasks. + Peterson and Peterson believed that their findings
were due to decay of consonant syllables but it is also possible they were due to
displacement in STM. Participants (pps) counted down during the retention interval
which may have pushed out current information.
2. Supporting evidence for the notion of two stores.
Scoville and Milner(1957) - HM
Struggle to remember new information but his recall for things before the surgery was
really good. His personality and intellect remained intact but he couldn't from new
LTM, although the retrieval process was not impaired. Distinguishing LTM and STM
is as strength of the model. However, evidence from a brain damaged patient, a
unique case which cannot be generalised.
3. STM is not a unitary store.
Shallice and Warrington (1970) - better remembered digits that he read to himself
rather than when they read them out loud to him. The fact that his visual memory was
better than the auditory suggests there are at least two stores in the STM, one for
sounds and one for images. Therefore, MSM is oversimplified.
4. Maintenance rehearsal may not be the best way to remember.
Craik and Tulving discovered that things that are processed more deeply are more
memorable just because of the way they are processed. List of nouns, asked
whether the word was in capital letters or does the word fit into the sentence.
Remembered more words in the task involving deep processing. Maintenance
rehearsal is not always the key, the type of processing also plays a role.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller sofiamorgulchik. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.84. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
