process that separates materials based on the size
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CCC2 PRN 1178
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CCC2 PRN 1178 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
COMPLETE GUIDE RATED A.
Signs/symptoms of cancer CORRECT -Unexplained weight loss, fever, fatigue, pain,
skin changes, Obstruction, Hemorrhage, Anemia, Fracture, Infection, Cachexia.
Screenings for men and women and when should be done CORRECT -Breast 20+,
Cervix 21-65, Colorectal men & women 50+, Endometrial women at menopause, Lung if
smoker 55-74, Prostate 50+, Cancer related checkup 20+.
Dehydration Signs & Symptoms and Interventions CORRECT -cool dry skin, poor
skin turgor, weak thready pulse. IV fluids or fluid orally.
Osmosis CORRECT -Movement of pure solvent (liquid) across membrane, moves
from area of less solute concentration to area of greater concentration until the solutions
in the compartments are of equal concentration. Takes place via a semipermeable
membrane.
Diffusion CORRECT -Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration
to an area of lower concentration. Passive transport is substances move back and forth
across the membrane until evenly distributed throughout the available space
Filtration CORRECT -A process that separates materials based on the size of their
particles.
Active Transport CORRECT -Movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
Hypokalemia Signs and Symptoms CORRECT -muscle weakness, fatigue, nausea
and vomiting, intestinal distention decreased bowel sounds
decreased, deep tendon reflexes, ventricular dysrhythmias, paresthesias weak, irregular
pulse, low potassium flat t waves, high heart rate low blood pressure decreased GI
motility.
Fluid Overload Signs and Symptoms CORRECT -Shortness of breath, cough,
elevated b/p, puffiness around the eyes, edema in dependent areas; distended veins,
moist breath sounds, crackle lungs, increased urine output.
Hypocalcemia Signs and Symptoms CORRECT -Diarrhea, Numbness and tingling of
extremities, Muscle cramps ,Tetany, Convulsions,Laryngeal spasms, Cardiac
irritability,Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs,· Low calcium, low BP, abnormal
HR, hyperactivity, numbness. Shift of calcium in the bones.
, Hypernatremia CORRECT -Causes an osmotic shift of fluid from the cells to the
interstitial spaces, which causes a cellular dehydration and interruption of normal cell
processes.
Electrolyte CORRECT -sodium, potassium, chloride.
Fluid Balance Interventions CORRECT -Maintaining equal input and output. Replace
water loss with fluids containing sodium.
Interstitial fluid CORRECT -Fluid in the spaces between cells. Extracellular.
Intracellular and extracellular CORRECT -Fluid within the cell. Fluid outside of the
cell. Extracellular is Intravascular, Interstitial and Transcellular.
Cancer CORRECT -A disease in which some body cells grow and divide
uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.· External radiation
therapy/teachings: help with coping, skin care, wash area once daily with mild soap,
limit sun exposure, do not use lotion, salve or alcohol on the area, wear loose clothing
over the area, do not shave the area.
Dietary teaching to reduce risk for developing cancer: CORRECT -Moderate your
portion of red and processed meats, maintain healthy weight, fruits and veggies, stay
away from smoked foods.
Chemotherapy side effects and interventions CORRECT -Nausea and vomiting,
Loss of appetite, Hair loss, Mouth sores, Fatigue, Skin care, Encourage good nutrition
and hydration, monitor signs of infections.
Antimetics CORRECT -Control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to
the vomiting center of the brain during chemo treatments.
CANCER Interventions CORRECT -C = Comfort
A = Altered body image
N = Nutrition
C = Chemotherapy
E = Evaluate response to medications
R = Respite for caretakers
Cancer interventions, dietary CORRECT -Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy,
Pharmacologic cognitive behavioral, psychotherapeutic interventions. High protein,
vitamin supplementation, low temperature food, favorite foods, small meals frequently
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