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PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Assignment Questions & Answers 2023
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PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Assignment Questions & Answers 2023
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PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters –Assignment Questions & Answers 2023
Assignment 2 – Semester 1 – 2017
QUESTION 1
The concept of reflexivity as applied in counselling suggest .
a) that an understanding of the counselling process and its facilitation is something that is
accomplished through internal dialogue.
b) that counselling practices should reflect detachment of the counsellor’s self and make
the process more visible.
c) that counsellors should engage in constant scrutiny of “what they know” and “how they
know”
d) that only the client’s frame of reference takes precedence in the counselling process.
The correct answer is:
1) (b) & (d)
2) (a), (b) & (c)
3) (b), (c) & (d)
4) (a) & (c)
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/1/2017
Reasoning:
• By reflecting feelings a professional counsellor can help the client become aware of the
emotions experienced in relation to the issue at hand.
• Reflecting feelings can promote the development of accurate empathy and help to create
a safe environment for the client.
• To reflect feelings one must be able to recognize and put words to those feeling states
observed in the client.
To aid in identifying a client’s feelings:
• Pay attention to the affective component of the client’s communication
• Pay attention to the client’s behaviour (e.g., posture, tone of voice, facial expression)
• Use a broad range of words to correctly identify the client’s emotions
• Silently name the client’s feeling(s) to yourself
When reflecting feelings to your client:
• Use an appropriate introductory phrase (e.g., sounds like...., you feel...., it seems...etc)
• Add a feeling word or emotional label to the stem
• Add a context or brief paraphrase to anchor or broaden the reflection
• Pay attention to the tense (present tense reflections can often be more powerful)
• Do not repeat the client’s exact words
• Reflect mixed emotions
• Check out the accuracy of the reflection of feeling with the client
QUESTION 2
According to Stevens (1996, an article provided in the Reader), distinctive issues which arise from
the experience of being a self-aware and existing human individual refer to .
1) humanistic concerns
,2) moral issues
3) meaninglessness
, 4) existential concerns
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/1/2017
Reasoning: Existential concerns operate on the belief that inner conflict within a person is due to
that individual's confrontation with the givens of existence. These givens are: the inevitability of
death, freedom its attendant responsibility, existential isolation, and finally meaninglessness.
These four givens, also referred to as ultimate concerns, form the body of existential
psychotherapy and compose the framework in which a therapist conceptualises a client's problem
in order to develop a method of treatment.
QUESTION 3
When people engage with and encounter others they bring parts of themselves into the context of
relating and create new realities and ways of being that are peculiar to that interactional space. The
concept that best describes this process is .
1) complexity
2) diversity
3) co-generation of relationships
4) traditions and habits
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/1/2017
Reasoning: A co-generation relationship means we sit and talk with each other, especially those
with whom we may think we have the greatest differences. However, talking together all too
often means debating, discussing with a view to convincing the other, arguing for our point of
view, examining pro's and con's.
In a co-generation relationship the intention is not to advocate but to inquire; not to argue but to
explore; not to convince but to discover.
QUESTION 4
Collaborating across sectors is necessary and important because it .
a) enables counsellors to recognise which counselling aspects are universal and which
are specific to a professional group.
b) draws attention to the usefulness of activating other professional role-players in
order to adequately assist clients.
c) improves knowledge of the network resources and multidisciplinary services that
are available to enhance intervention services that can be rendered to clients.
d) enables counsellors to become aware of biases and stereotypes and to question the
limitations of their profession.
The correct answer is:
1) (a) & (d)
2) (b) & (c)
3) (a), (b), (c) & (d)
4) (a), (b) & (d)
, Answer: The correct answer is 3
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/1/2017
Reasoning: Intersectoral or Cross-sector collaboration involves integrating contributions from
different sectors (that is social functions such as health, welfare, education and justice), whether
from the NGO sector or the state. Collaboration means working together cooperatively.
Intersectoral means between sectors. Therefore, intersectoral collaboration would be people or
agencies in different sectors working together.
Cross-sector collaboration is a more efficient and effective way of providing services for
individuals and/or families with complex needs. Importantly, cross-sector collaboration allow
counsellors to better manage the complex needs of clients, and provide a more holistic and
coordinated service. By working across sectors, counselling services can contribute to a growing
pool of knowledge, expertise, funding, shared referrals and other valuable resources which can
improve outcomes for clients.
QUESTION 5
Counsellors who emphasise change in the number or amount of a characteristic of adult
development give attention to ethics, while counsellors who emphasise and consider the effects
of particular actions in particular contexts give attention to ethics.
1) relational; normative
2) value; normative
3) moral; discontinuous
4) normative; relational
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/1/2017
Reasoning:
Normative approach
• Directs behaviour according to a certain set of norms and values
• Treat all people with respect irrespective of benefit
• Norms and values linked to a code of conduct, religion or philosophy
• Is characteristic of the person
• Stifles ethical thinking
• Does not invite to think but to follow a rule
• Either ethical of unethical not human being with ethical dilemmas
• If you do not follow rules something disastrous will happen
• Universal and absolute
Relational approach
• Considering the effects of particular actions in particular contexts
• Combines relationship and ethics into a multidimensional concept
• There is a complex medium through which decisions and interactions associated with a
relationship are engaged with
• Codes and standards inform rather than determine our ethical decisions
• Each client, counsellor and situation is unique
• Thinking and feeling through ethical dilemmas
QUESTION 6
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