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Nuclear Physics1. When an a-particle of mass m moving with 5. The binding energy per nucleon ofLi and
velocity bombards on a heavy nucleus of
v
Henuclei are 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV,
charge Ze, its distance of closost approach
from the nucleus deponds on m as he nuclear reaclion
respectively. In
(NEET 2016] Li+}HHe+He Q, the value of +
1 1 1 energy Q
released is [CBSE AIPMT 2014]
(a) - (b) (c) m (d) (a) 19.6 MeV (b) -2.4 MeV
Vm
(c) 8.4 MeV (d) 17.3 MeV
2. The half-life of a
radioactive substance is 6. A radio isotope X with a half life l.4 x 10
30 minutes. Tho time (in minutes) taken
yr decays of Y which is stable. A sample of
between 409% decay and 8596 decay of
the sanme radioactive substance is the rock from a cave was found to contain
[NEET 2016] Xand Y
in the ratio 1 :7. The age of the
(a) 15 (b) 30 rock is [CBSE AIPMT 2014]
(c) 45 (d) 60 (a) 1.96 x 10 yr (b) 3.92x10 yr
(c) 4.20 x 10 yr (d) 8,40 x 10 yr
of the %Al nucleus is taken to be
3. If radius
7. The half-life of a radioactive isotope X is
RI, then the radius of 53 Te nucleus is *
20 yr. It decays to another element Y
nearly ICBSE AIPMT 2015] which is stable. The two elements andY X
1
5
were found to be in the ratio 1:7 in a
(b) RA
3 sample of a given rck. The age of the rock
1 is estimated to be INEET 2013]
(C) 3 RA (a) 40 yr (b) 60 yr (c) 80 yr (d) 100 yr
8. A certain mass of hydrogen is changed to
A
nucleus of uranium decays at rest into helium by the process of fusion. The mass
Duclei of thorium and helium. Then, 2015] defect in fusion reaction is 0.02866 u. The
[CBSE AIPMT energy liberated per u is
(9) ne helium nucleus has
more kinetic energy (given 1 u=931 MeV) [NEET 2013]
than the thorium nucleus momenturm than (a) 2.67 MeV (b) 26.7 MeV
1O the helium nucleus has less (c) 6.675 MeV (d) 13.35 MeV
the thorium nucleus momentum than
ne heliumnucleus has more 9. A mixture consists of two radioactive
the thorium nucleus materials A, and A, with half lives of 20 s
kinetic energy than and 10 s respectively. Initially the mixture
) he helium nucleus has less
the thorium nucleus
, NEET Chapterwise Solutions - Physics
300
has 40 g of A, and 160 g of A,. The amount 17. In the nuclear decay given below
of the two in the mixture will become B*
equal after [CBSE AIPMT 2012] xzY B,
(a) 60 s (b) 80 s (C) 20 s (d) 40 s the particles emitted in the sequence are
[CBSE AIPMT
(10)A radioactive nucleus of mass M emits a a (c) B. y. a
20091
(a) B, a, Y (b) Y. B.
(d)a,p.y
photon of frequency v and the nucleus
recoils. The recoil energy will be 18. Two radioactive materials X, and X, have
[CBSE AlPMT 2011] decay constants 5 and A respectively. F
(a) h'v'2 Mc(b) zero (c) hv (d)Mc hy -
initially they have the same number of
11. The half-life of a radioactive isotope X is nuclei, then the ratio of the number of
50 yr. It decays to another element which Y 1
nuclei of X, to that of X, will be after a
is stable. The two elements X and Y were
found to be in the ratio of 1: 15 in a time [CBSE AIPMT 2008]
sample ofa given rock. The age of the rock (a) 2 (c)
1
was estimated to be [CBSE AIPMT 2011] 42
(a) 200 yr (b) 250 yr (c) 100 yr (d) 150yr 19. Two radioactive substances A and B have
12. Fusion reaction takes place at high decay constants 5 and A respectively. At
temperature because [CBSE AIPMT 2011] t=0 they have the same number of nuclei.
(a) atoms get ionised at high temperature The ratio of number of nuclei of A to those
i0 (b) kinetic energy is high enough to overcome the
Coulomb repulsion between nuclei of B will be after a time interval
(c) molecules break up at high temperature [CBSE AIPMT 2007]
(d) nuclei break up at high temperature
(a) 1 (b) 42 (c) 22
13. A nucleus "X emits one &-particle and two 42, 22
nB particles. The resulting nucleus is 20. If the nucleus %Al has a nuclear radius of
[CBSE AIPMT 2011] about 3.6 fm, then 125Te
52
would have its
(a) m-67 () z
radius approximately as [CBSE AIPMT 2007]
"X
Y
(b) (o)
(a) 6.0 fm (b) 9.6 fm (c) 12.0 fm (d) 4.8 fm
14. The mass of aLi nucleus is 0.042u less
than the sum of the masses of all its (21) A
nucleusX has mass represented by
nucleons. The binding energy per nucleon m(A, Z). Ifm, and m, denote the mass of
of ?Li nucleus is nearly [CBSE AIPMT 2010] proton and neutron respectively and BE
(a) 46 MeV (b) 5.6 MeV (c) 3.9 MeV (d) 23 MeV the binding energy (in MeV), then
2007]
[CBSE AIPMT
The activity of a radioactive sample is (a) BE = (m(A,Z) – Zm,
measured as No counts per minute at t =0 -(A- Z) m,]c*
(b) BE = Zm, +
and N,Je counts per minute at t =5 min. Z)m, (A- Z)]C -m(A,
(C) =
The time (in minute) at which the activity BE (Zm, + Am, -m(A, Z)]c“
s
reduces to half its value is [CBSE AIPMT 20107 (d) BE = m(A, Z)- Zm, m,
-(A- Z)
22) negatively
(a) log, 2/5 (b) () 5log,62 (d) 5 log, 2 In radioactive decay process, the
log, 2
charged emitted B-particles are 20071
(16) The number of beta particles emitted by a ICBSEAIPMT
radioactive substance is twice the number
(a)
the electrons present inside the nucleus
(b) the electrons as a result of the
of alpha particles emitted by it. The produced
resulting daughter is an [CBSE AIPMT 2009] decay of neutrons inside the nucleus
a result of
fcollisions
(C) the electrons as
(a) isobar of parent (b) isomer of parent produced
(c) isotone of parent (d) isotope of parent between atoms
(d) the electrons orbiting around the nucleus
, 301
The radius of germanium (Ge) nuclide is
25 measured to be
twice the radius of Be. (a) c + a -b
of nucleons (c) a + b +c (b) c-a -b
The numbe in Ge are
[CBSE AIPMT
(d) a + b -c
2006] SO. m, denotes the mass of a proton
la) 73 (b) 74 (c) 75 (d) 72 and m,
that of a neutron. A given nuclèus of
0ln a radioactive material
at, a
the activity at binding energy BE, contains Z protons and
túmet, is R, and later time t,, it is R,. If N neutrOns. The mass m(N, Z) of the
the decay constant of the material is à.
nucleus is given by [CBSE AIPMT 2004]
then [CBSE AIPMT 2006] (a) m(N, Z) = Nm, + ZM, BEc -
(a) R, = R, e-(4; -z) (b) R, = R, e t; -12) (b) m(N, Z) = Nm, + Zm, + BEc
(c) m(N, Z) = Nm, + Zm, - BE/c
(d) R, = R,
(d) m(N, Z) = Nm, + Zm, + BE/o?
66The binding energy of deuteron is 2.2 MeV 31. The half-life of radium is about 1600 yr. Of
and that of He is 28 MeV. If two 100 g of radium existing now, 25 g will
deuterons are fused to form one GHe, then remain unchanged after [CBSE AIPMT 2004]
(a) 4800 yr (b) 6400 yr (0) 2400yr (d) 3200 yr
the energy released is ICBSE AIPMT 2006]
(a) 25.8 MeV (b) 23.6 MeV 32. If in a nuclear fusion process, the masses
(c) 19.2 MeV (d) 30.2 MeV of the fusing nuclei be m, and m, and the
mass of the resultant nucleus be m,, then
6,]In any fission process the ratio [CBSE AIPMT 2004]
mass of fission products (a) m, = m, + ma (b) m, =|m, - myl
is (C) m, < (m, + m,) (d) m, > (m, + my)
mass of parent nucleus (CBSE AIPMT 2005)
a mass
(a) less than 1 33. A sample of radioactive element has
=
(b) greater than 1
of 10g at an instant t 0. The approximate
mass of this element in the sample after
(c) equal to 1 [CBSE AIPMT 2003]
(d) depends on the mass of parent nucleus two mean lives is
(a) 3.70 g (b) 6.30 g
OFission of nuclei is possible because the (c) 1.35 g (d) 2.50 g
binding energy per nucleon in them
[CBSE AIPMT 2005) 34. A nuclear reaction given by
increases with mass number at high mass +e
+ represents V
z+1
(a)
numbers
zX [CBSE AIPMT 2003]
(0) decreases with mass number
at high mass is
(b) fission (c) B-decay (d) y-decay
(a) fusion
numbers at
low mass caused due to
(c) increases With mass number
35. Solar energy is mainly [CBSE AIPMT 2003]
numbers mass
19) with-mass number at low
decreases (a) fusion ofprotons during synthesis of heavier
numbers elements
contraction
28. The of the following (b) gravitational
in the oxygen
nuclei of which one P
(c) burning of hydrogen
pairs of nuclei are isotones
? in the Sun
2005] (d) fission of uranium present
[CBSE AIPMT
2, 0292 mass of proton is 1.0073 u and that of
(b) 4pMo 36. The
K
(a) 34
Se 74 '3,Ga 1 neutron is 1.0087 u (u = atomic
mass unit)
38Sr&8
()
Ca 0 (mass of
S&4 The binding energy of ,He* is
a the reaction H+ H He+ n, ifthe = u)
2
are helium nucleus 4.0015
[CBSE AIPMT 2003]
binding H, of
H and $He (b) 0.061 u
energies MeV), then the (a) 28.4 Mev
(d) 0.0305 erg
Tespectively a, b andc(in. this reaction is (c) 0.0305 J
ehergy (in MeV) released in AIPMT2005]
[CBSE
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