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ATLS Module 3: Shock - Questions & Answers (Correct 100 % latest Updated 2023)
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ATLS Module 3: Shock- Questions & Answers (Correct 100 % latest Updated 2023)
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ATLS Module 3: ShockFirst step in the management of shock - ANSWER Recognize its presence
5 types of shock - ANSWER Hypovolemic/Hemorrhagic Shock
Cardiogenic
Obstructive
Neurogenic
Septic
MCC of shock in trauma patient - ANSWER Hemorrhage
What determines cardiac output - ANSWER HR x stroke voume
What 3 things make up stroke volume - ANSWER Preload, myocardial contractility, Afterload
Preload - ANSWER Volume of venous return to left and right sides of the heart
Hemorrhage reduces preload
myocardial contractility - ANSWER The volume of venous blood return determines myocardial
muscle fiber length after ventricular filling at the end of diastole.
Muscle fiber length is related to the contractile properties of myocardial muscle.
Starlings law - ANSWER The more the heart is filled during diastole the more forcefully it
contracts
Afterload - ANSWER Resistance to the forward flow of blood, (Blood pressure the LV is
pushing against)
Early physiologic responses to blood loss - ANSWER Progressive vasoconstriction to
preserve blood flow to kidneys, heart, and brain
Increase in HR to preserve cardiac output
Release of catecholamines which inc peripheral resistance and diastolic blood pressure
Shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism in cells
Recognizing shock - ANSWER Early signs: Tachycardia and cutaneous vasoconstriction
Do not rely on BP as an indicator of shock, this can hold steady due to the compensatory
mechanisms until 30% of pts blood volume is lost.
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