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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019), Chapter 1-20 | All Chapters
Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019), Chapter 1-20 | All Chapters
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TEST BANKThe Cell: A Molecular Approach
Geoffrey Cooper
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1: An Overview of Cells and Cell Research 1
Chapter 2: Molecules and Membranes 33
Chapter 3: Bioenergetics and Metabolism 71
Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Molecular Biology 105
Chapter 5: Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology 136
Chapter 6: Genes and Genomes 166
Chapter 7: Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic DNA 193
Chapter 8: RNA Synthesis and Processing 221
Chapter 9: Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics 246
Chapter 10: Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation 283
Chapter 11: The Nucleus 310
Chapter 12: Protein Sorting and Transport 344
Chapter 13: Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes 371
Chapter 14: The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement 399
Chapter 15: The Plasma Membrane 427
Chapter 16: Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions 455
Chapter 17: Cell Signaling 480
Chapter 18: The Cell Cycle 511
Chapter 19: Cell Death and Cell Renewal 537
Chapter 20: Cancer 564
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
Test Bank
to accompany
The Cell: A Molecular Approach, Eighth Edition
Geoffrey M. Cooper
Chapter 1: An Overview of Cells and Cell Research
TEST FILE QUESTIONS
Multiple Choice
1. RNA is believed to have been the original genetic system because it can
a. form a stable double helix with a complementary nucleic acid strand.
b. catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides into another RNA strand.
c. form ribosomes.
d. transfer amino acids to ribosomes.
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Explain how the first cell originated.
WWW.TBSM.WS
2. The initial importance of membrane-enclosing, self-replicating RNA molecules and
associated proteins was that they
a. maintained these molecules as a unit capable of reproduction and evolution.
b. provided sites for proteins to function.
c. transported materials in and out of the compartment.
d. kept other molecules out of the compartment.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Explain how the first cell originated.
3. Stanley Miller applied electric sparks to a reducing atmosphere of methane, ammonia,
water, and hydrogen, and the resulting products showed that under these conditions,
a. amino acids can form.
b. nucleotides can form.
c. amino acids can polymerize into polypeptides.
d. nucleotides can polymerize into nucleic acids.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Describe the major steps in evolution of metabolism.
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
4. Which energy-producing process is thought to have come first during cellular
evolution?
a. Photosynthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidative phosphorylation
d. Proteolysis
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Describe the major steps in evolution of metabolism.
5. At the time life arose on Earth, Earth’s atmosphere contained abundant amounts of all
of the following except
a. H2.
b. N2.
c. O2.
d. H2S.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Describe the major steps in evolution of metabolism.
6. Organisms that evolved the ability to use H2O as a donor of electrons and hydrogen for
the photosynthetic conversion of CO WWW.TBSM.WS
2 to organic compounds radically changed Earth by
producing
a. sugar.
b. cellulose.
c. H2.
d. O2.
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Describe the major steps in evolution of metabolism.
7. The feature that most clearly distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes is the presence
of _______ in eukaryotic cells.
a. ribosomes
b. oxidative phosphorylation
c. RNA molecules
d. a nucleus
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Illustrate the structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
8. Cytoplasmic organelles are
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
a. absent in prokaryotic cells and present in eukaryotic cells.
b. present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
c. present in prokaryotic cells and absent in eukaryotic cells.
d. absent in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Illustrate the structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
9. The eukaryotic nucleus contains _______ DNA molecule(s).
a. a single linear
b. a single circular
c. multiple linear
d. multiple circular
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Illustrate the structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
10. The bacterial genome is located in a portion of the cell called the
a. nucleus.
b. nucleolus.
c. mesosome.
d. nucleoid. WWW.TBSM.WS
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Illustrate the structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
11. Eukaryotic cell nuclei contain genes that are
a. primarily of bacterial origin.
b. primarily of archaebacterial origin.
c. partly archaebacterial and partly bacterial in origin.
d. all of eukaryotic origin.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Illustrate the structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
12. Organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated in
eukaryotic cells via a process called
a. phagocytosis.
b. endosymbiosis.
c. endocytosis.
d. exocytosis.
Answer: b
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Outline the evolution of eukaryotic cells and multicellular
organisms.
13. Mitochondria and chloroplasts resemble bacteria in that they
a. have their own DNA.
b. have their own ribosomes.
c. reproduce by simple division into two.
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Outline the evolution of eukaryotic cells and multicellular
organisms.
14. Which of the following is a colonial organism closely related to the evolutionary
precursors of present-day plants?
a. Paramecium
b. Dictyostelium discoideum
c. Volvox
d. Arabidopsis thaliana
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: The Origin andWWW.TBSM.WS
Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Outline the evolution of eukaryotic cells and multicellular
organisms.
15. The human body is composed of more than _______ different types of cells.
a. 100
b. 200
c. 400
d. 2,000
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: The Origin and Evolution of Cells
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Outline the evolution of eukaryotic cells and multicellular
organisms.
16. E. coli is a useful model system for molecular biology studies because
a. it has a small genome.
b. it reproduces rapidly.
c. mutants can easily be isolated from culture dishes.
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Explain the advantages of E. coli for studying basic concepts of
molecular biology.
17. A yeast cell divides in culture about every
a. 20 minutes.
b. 40 minutes.
c. 2 hours.
d. 12 hours.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Contrast yeast with E. coli as a model system.
18. How many genes does the haploid yeast nuclear genome contain?
a. 1,000
b. 6,000
c. 10,000
d. 20,000
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Contrast yeast with E. coli as a model system.
WWW.TBSM.WS
19. The adult nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans consists of _______ somatic cells.
a. 95
b. 959
c. 1,500
d. 9,590
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the simple models for studying plant and animal
development.
20. The simplicity and clarity of Caenorhabditis elegans allowed researchers to
a. trace the developmental lineages of all cells in the adult.
b. identify the genes involved in differentiation of each cell type.
c. observe the process of fertilization better than had been possible in the past.
d. follow the process by which cell aggregation forms a multicellular organism.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Summarize the simple models for studying plant and animal
development.
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
21. Drosophila melanogaster was an organism of choice for the study of
a. the process of fertilization.
b. the process of cell aggregation to form a multicellular organism.
c. the process of development.
d. mammalian genetics.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Summarize the simple models for studying plant and animal
development.
22. Studies on which model organism led to the initial discovery of important
mechanisms controlling the development of the animal body plan?
a. Mice
b. Drosophila melanogaster
c. Xenopus laevis
d. Yeast
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the simple models for studying plant and animal
development.
23. Arabidopsis thaliana is a modelWWW.TBSM.WS
organism for studying the molecular biology of
a. plants.
b. fungi.
c. fruit flies.
d. vertebrates.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the simple models for studying plant and animal
development.
24. Which fish is proving to be a useful model organism for the study of vertebrate
development?
a. Zebrafish
b. Goldfish
c. Salmon
d. Guppy
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the simple models for studying plant and animal
development.
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
25. Cultures grown from cells of a dissociated tissue are called
a. primary cell cultures.
b. transformed cell lines.
c. normal cell lines.
d. secondary cell cultures.
Answer: a
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Summarize the principles of animal cell culture.
26. Most laboratories make use of cultured cells to study human disease. What makes
these cultured cells such useful models?
a. Cells only function when they are not organized into tissues.
b. Cells cultured in the lab behave exactly the same as cells in the human body.
c. Cells are very inexpensive to grow.
d. They provide a continuous and uniform source of new cells.
Answer: d
Textbook Reference: Experimental Models in Cell Biology
Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying
Learning Objective: Summarize the principles of animal cell culture.
27. Viruses are useful model systems for studying
a. tooth development.
b. cell signaling. WWW.TBSM.WS
c. DNA replication.
d. regulation of cell cycle control.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Explain how viruses can be used to study cell biology.
28. The light microscope was used to observe the cellular structure of cork by _______,
who named the chambers “cells.”
a. Schleiden and Schwann
b. Hooke
c. Virchow
d. Leeuwenhoek
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the uses and limitations of the light microscope.
29. The diffraction limited resolution of a standard light microscope is determined by
which equation?
a. R = 0.61λNA
b. R = 0.61NA / λ
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Test Bank - The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 8th Edition (Cooper, 2019)
c. R = 0.61λ / NA
d. R = 0.61 / λNA
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the uses and limitations of the light microscope.
30. The diffraction limited resolving power of a standard light microscope is
approximately
a. 0.2 mm.
b. 0.2 μm.
c. 0.2 nm.
d. 2 Å.
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the uses and limitations of the light microscope.
31. Living cells are commonly visualized by means of _______ microscopy.
a. phase-contrast
b. bright-field
c. fluorescence
d. electron
Answer: a WWW.TBSM.WS
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering
Learning Objective: Summarize the uses and limitations of the light microscope.
32. Fluorescent-labeled antibodies are used on cells primarily to locate a specific
a. DNA sequence.
b. RNA sequence.
c. protein.
d. carbohydrate.
Answer: c
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding
Learning Objective: Explain how fluorescence microscopy is used to visualize specific
proteins.
33. A common use of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is to
a. label antibodies.
b. visualize proteins in living cells.
c. photobleach other fluorescent proteins.
d. label DNA sequences.
Answer: b
Textbook Reference: Tools of Cell Biology: Microscopy and Subcellular Fractionation
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