ASCI 112 Exam 1 : Huzzey Questions & Answers 2023/2024
Two theories of Domestication - ANSWER-1. Adoption (Artificial Selection)
Defined as the choosing of desirable traits by an outside source other than the organism itself. Humans chose the characteristics in wolves such as friendliness, doci...
ASCI 112 Exam 1 : Huzzey Questions &
Answers 2023/2024
Two theories of Domestication - ANSWER-1. Adoption (Artificial Selection)
Defined as the choosing of desirable traits by an outside source other than the organism itself. Humans
chose the characteristics in wolves such as friendliness, docility, etc. and keep the animals possessing
those traits for breeding. Thus artificially passing those traits onto offspring that may not have been born
without human's interaction.
2. Adaptation (Natural Selection)
That animals adapted the certain characteristics needed to live near humans on their own. It was an
advantage to have the traits thus naturally the ones with it passed them on to offspring.
Tameness - ANSWER-A Gradual habituation to humans characterized by reduced fearfulness of humans.
*Wild animals can be tamed but they are not domesticated (e.g. Lions performing at a circus)
Domestication - ANSWER-A process whereby populations of animals change genetically and
phenotypically (behavioral & Physiological)
An evolutionary process driven by selection pressure (natural and artificial) based on human desired
traits.
The name of the Russian biologist who led the famous fox experiments to study domestication was: -
ANSWER-Demitry Belyaev
Behavioral Traits that facilitate domestication - ANSWER-1. Response to humans:
-Absence of specialized dietary needs (e.g. can eat left-overs)
-Limited agility (easy to restrain and contain)
-Small home range
Juvenile Characteristics (TDCQW) - ANSWER--Temperament (i.e. Docility/ easy to teach)
-Dependancy
-Curiosity (versus fear) in novel situations
-quick learning
-Willingness to associate with tore species
Sexual Behavior (SPAC) - ANSWER-- short gestation
- Promiscuous mating (Male-female do not for pair bonds)
-Clear sexual signaling behaviors between males and females to indicate reproductive status
-Able to breed freely in captivity
, Precocial Development (YIY) - ANSWER--Young are relatively mature and mobile from the moment of
birth (exception: dogs and cats)
-Initial rapid, strong bonding of dam and young.
-Young can be separated from parents at early age.
Precocial - ANSWER-(of a young bury or other animal) hatched or born in an advanced state and able to
feed itself almost immediately.
Altricial - ANSWER-Meaning "requiring nourishment", refers to a pattern of growth and development in
organisms which are incapable of moving around the town soon after hatching or being born.
6 Desirable features of domestic animals - ANSWER-1. usefulness to humans
2. Adaptability (comfort- loving)
3. Hardiness
4. Inborn liking for man, i.e. mutually understandable social behaviors
5. Ability to breed in captivity
6. Ease of tending
The Neolithic Era (New Stone Age) was a significant period for domestication as it marked increased used
of animals for agriculture. This occurred approximately ______________ years ago. - ANSWER-10,000 BC
Piebald Color - ANSWER-A spotting pattern of large unpigmented, usually white, patches of hair,
feathers, or scaled and normally pigmented patches, generally black
6. Physiological/Physical Changes of Domesticated Animals (VDCSFI) - ANSWER-1. Increased variation in
coat color, horns, hair coat
2. Decrease in ratio of brain size to body size
3. Change in Body Size
4, Skeletal Changes (shortening of jaws and facial region, reduction in size of teeth)
5. Faster growth rate and changes in pattern of fat deposition (Surplus fat tends to be deported
throughout muscle in domestic species and around internal organs in wild species.
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