Southern Blot - Answer DNA Target
Nucleic acid probe
Purpose: Paternity testing, gene discovery and mapping, mutation analysis and ID,
gene structure
Northern Blot - Answer RNA Target
Nucleic acid probe
Purpose: Determine transcript structure, processing, and gene expression
Western Blot - Answer Protein Target
Protein probe
Purpose: Protein processing, gene expression
Southwestern Blot - Answer Protein target
DNA probe
Purpose: DNA binding proteins, gene regulation
Eastern blot - Answer Protein target
,ASCP MB ALREADY GRADED A+
Protein probe
Purpose: Modification of Western blot using enzymatic detection (protein processing,
gene expression), detection of specific agriculturally important proteins
Far-eastern blot - Answer Lipid target
No probe
Purpose: Transfer separated lipids to membranes for analysis by mass spectometry
PCR Primers - Answer Direct DNA synthesis to desired region
PCR: dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP - Answer Building blocks that extend primers
PCR KCl - Answer Salt for optimal hybridization of primers to template
PCR: Tris buffer - Answer Buffer to maintain optimal pH for enzyme reaction
PCR: MgCl2 - Answer Divalent cation, required by enzyme
PCR Polymerase - Answer Polymerase enzyme that extends the primers, adds the
dNTPs
PCR: copies of template - Answer Sample DNA that is being tested
Denaturation temps/time - Answer 90-96, 20-60 sec
Annealing temps/time - Answer 50-70, 20-90 sec
Extension temps/time - Answer 68-75/10-60 sec
+ - Answer gain
- - Answer loss
del - Answer deletion
der - Answer derivative chromasome
dup - Answer duplication
ins - Answer insertion
inv - Answer inversion
i, iso - Answer isochromosome
mat - Answer maternal origin
pat - Answer paternal origin
r - Answer ring chromosome
, ASCP MB ALREADY GRADED A+
t - Answer translocation
tel - Answer telomere (end of chromosome arm)
Bioinfo: Identity - Answer Extent to which 2 sequences are the same
Bioinfo: Alignment - Answer Lining up 2+ sequences to search for maximal regions
of identity in order to assess extent of relatedness/homology
Bioinfo: Local alignment - Answer Alignment of some portion of 2 sequences
Bioinfo: Multiple sequence alignment - Answer Alignment of 3+ sequences arranged
with gaps so that common residues are aligned together
Bioinfo: Optimal alignment - Answer Alignment of 2 sequences with best degree of
identity
Bioinfo: Conservation - Answer Specific sequence changes (usually protein
sequence) that maintain properties of original sequence
Bioinfo: Similarity - Answer Relatedness of sequences, % identity or conservation
Bioinfo: Algorithm - Answer A fixed set of commands in computer program
Bioinfo: Domain - Answer Discreet portion of a protein or DNA sequence
Bioinfo: Motif - Answer Highly conserved short region in protein domains
Bioinfo: Gap - Answer Space introduced in alignment to compensate for insertions or
deletions in one of the sequences being compared
Bioinfo: Homology - Answer Similarly attributed to descent from common ancestor
Bioinfo: Orthology - Answer Homology in different species due to common ancestral
gene
Bioinfo: Paralogy - Answer Homology within the same species resulting from gene
duplication
Bioinfo: Query - Answer Sequence presented for comparison with all other
sequences in selected database
Bioinfo: Annotation - Answer Description of functional structures (introns/exons) in
DNA or secondary structure or functional regions to protein sequences
Bioinfo: Interface - Answer Point of meeting between computer and external entity
(operator, perhipheral device, communications medium)
Bioinfo: GenBank - Answer Genetic sequence database sponsored by NIH
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