ASCP Molecular Biology Exam Prep Questions and Answers 100% correct
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Mb ASCP
ASCP Molecular Biology Exam Prep Questions and Answers 100% correct
Pyrimidine
one carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
Purine
two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
How are nucleotides joined together?
condensation
What does mRNA do?
carries code out of cell.
code for prot...
ASCP Molecular Biology Exam Prep Questions and Answers 100% correct
Pyrimidine - answer one carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
Purine - answer two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
How are nucleotides joined together? - answer condensation
What does mRNA do? - answer carries code out of cell. code for protein structure. DNA to ribosomes
end of transcription start of translation
What does tRNA do? - answer decodes mRNA. Matches amino acids to mRNA code. Protein synthesis
What does rRNA do? - answer part of ribosome structure
most abundant RNA
coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons
Feedback Inhibition - answer end product of pathway is noncompetitive inhibitor
binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product
Exonucleases - answer degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal nucleotide at a time
cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' ---> 3' and 3' ---> 5'
Endonucleases - answer cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/in chain
recognition site is palindromic sequence
cleaves unevenly, leaves sticky ends
(restriction enzymes)
DNA polymerase III - answer copies DNA by reading existing strand, builds new comp. strand
always adds to 3' end
can't start new strand on its own (ORI sites)
ORI sites - answer origin of replication on chromosome
triggers DNA replication gyrase - answer unwinds DNA in front of fork
DNA polymerase I - answer removes RNA nucleotides form RNA primers and replaces with DNA (makes sure primers that start replication are removed)
helicase - answer breaks H-bonds of double helix
topoisomerase - answer breaks/ reseals DNA backbone to release tension caused by twisting
(DNA gyrase)
primase - answer (RNA pol)
primers, small RNA, serves as starting points for copying DNA helper enzyme for DNA pol III
single-strand DNA-binding proteins (SSBPs) - answer hold DNA open during replication
Okazaki fragments - answer lagging strand
3' ---> 5'
away from fork
DNA pol III adds, DNA ligase closes gaps
Ligase - answer closes gaps in DNA
forms covalent bonds b/w nucleotides, 3' end of new DNA to 5' end of growing chain
What are the steps in DNA replication? - answer 1. Initiate
2. Elongate
3. Terminate
Telomers - answer cap ends of chromosome during replication to preserve DNA
-10 box - answer TATA box (TATAAT)
located 10 bases away from transcription start site
promoter
RNA pol binding site
-35 box - answer TTGACA
located 35 bases away from transcription start site
promoter
RNA Polymerase - answer opens double helix
reads one strand to make RNA, 3' --> 5' (antiparallel)
DNA-dependant
catalyzes formation of covalent bonds b/w nucleotide and growing chain
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