Testbank for College Physics from OpenStax College
CONTENTS
Contents
.........................................................................................................................................
2
Preface
...............................................................................
2 CONTENTS Contents ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Preface .......................................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 1: Introduction: The Nature of Science and Physics ....................................................... 13 1.2 Physical Quantities and Units ............................................................................................. 13 1.3 Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures ....................................................................... 14 Chapter 2: Kinematics .................................................................................................................. 16 2.1 Displacement ...................................................................................................................... 16 2.3 Time, Velocity, and Speed ................................................................................................... 16 2.5 Motion Equations for Constant Acceleration in One Dimension ........................................ 18 2.7 Falling Objects ..................................................................................................................... 21 2.8 Graphical Analysis of One-‐Dimensional Motion ................................................................. 23 Chapter 3: Two-‐Dimensional Kinematics ..................................................................................... 25 3.2 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods ........................................................ 25 3.3 Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods ....................................................... 27 3.4 Projectile Motion ................................................................................................................ 29 3.5 Addition of Velocities .......................................................................................................... 32 Chapter 4: Dynamics: Force and Newton’s Laws of Motion ......................................................... 36 4.3 Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System ..................................................... 36 4.6 Problem-‐Solving Strategies ................................................................................................. 37 4.7 Further Applications of Newton’s Laws of Motion ............................................................. 41 Chapter 5: Further Application of Newton’s Laws: Friction, Drag, and Elasticity ......................... 45 3 5.1 Friction ................................................................................................................................ 45 5.3 Elasticity: Stress and Strain ................................................................................................. 46 Chapter 6: Uniform Circular Motion and Gravitation ................................................................... 49 6.1 Rotation Angle and Angular Velocity .................................................................................. 49 6.2 Centripetal Acceleration ..................................................................................................... 50 6.3 Centripetal Force ................................................................................................................ 50 6.5 Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation .............................................................................. 51 6.6 Satellites and Kepler’s Laws: An Argument for Simplicity ................................................... 52 Chapter 7: Work, Energy, and Energy Resources ......................................................................... 54 7.1 Work: The Scientific Definition ........................................................................................... 54 7.2 Kinetic Energy and the Work-‐Energy Theorem ................................................................... 55 7.3 Gravitational Potential Energy ............................................................................................ 55 7.7 Power .................................................................................................................................. 56 7.8 Work, Energy, and Power in Humans ................................................................................. 57 Chapter 8: Linear Momentum and Collisions ............................................................................... 61 8.1 Linear Momentum and Force ............................................................................................. 61 8.2 Impulse ............................................................................................................................... 61 8.3 Conservation of Momentum ............................................................................................... 62 8.5 Inelastic Collisions in One Dimension ................................................................................. 63 8.6 Collisions of Point Masses in Two Dimensions ................................................................... 66 8.7 Introduction to Rocket Propulsion ...................................................................................... 68 Chapter 9: Statics and Torque ...................................................................................................... 70 9.2 The Second Condition for Equilibrium ................................................................................ 70 9.3 Stability ............................................................................................................................... 70 4 9.6 Forces and Torques in Muscles and Joints .......................................................................... 73 Chapter 10: Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum ............................................................ 74 10.1 Angular Acceleration ......................................................................................................... 74 10.3 Dynamics of Rotational Motion: Rotational Inertia .......................................................... 75 10.4 Rotational Kinetic Energy: Work and Energy Revisited ..................................................... 77 10.5 Angular Momentum and Its Conservation ........................................................................ 79 10.6 Collisions of Extended Bodies in Two Dimensions ............................................................ 79 Chapter 11: Fluid Statics ............................................................................................................... 81 11.2 Density .............................................................................................................................. 81 11.3 Pressure ............................................................................................................................ 81 11.4 Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid ...................................................................... 82 11.5 Pascal’s Principle ............................................................................................................... 83 11.7 Archimedes’ Principle ....................................................................................................... 85 11.8 Cohesion and Adhesion in Liquids: Surface Tension and Capillary Action ........................ 87 11.9 Pressures in the Body ....................................................................................................... 88 Chapter 12: Fluid Dynamics and Its Biological and Medical Applications .................................... 91 12.1 Flow Rate and Its Relation to Velocity .............................................................................. 91 12.2 Bernoulli’s Equation .......................................................................................................... 92 12.3 The Most General Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation ................................................... 93 12.4 Viscosity and Laminar Flow; Poiseuille’s Law .................................................................... 93 12.5 The Onset of Turbulence .................................................................................................. 95 12.7 Molecular Transport Phenomena: Diffusion, Osmosis, and Related Processes ............... 96 Chapter 13: Temperature, Kinetic Theory, and the Gas Laws ...................................................... 98 13.1 Temperature ..................................................................................................................... 98 5 13.2 Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids .......................................................................... 99 13.3 The Ideal Gas Law ............................................................................................................. 99 13.4 Kinetic Theory: Atomic and Molecular Explanation of Pressure and Temperature ........ 102 13.6 Humidity, Evaporation, and Boiling ................................................................................ 102 Chapter 14: Heat and Heat Transfer Methods ........................................................................... 105 14.2 Temperature Change and Heat Capacity ........................................................................ 105 14.3 Phase Change and Latent Heat ....................................................................................... 106 14.5 Conduction ...................................................................................................................... 108 14.6 Convection ...................................................................................................................... 109 14.7 Radiation ......................................................................................................................... 110 Chapter 15: Thermodynamics .................................................................................................... 113 15.1 The First Law of Thermodynamics .................................................................................. 113 15.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics and Some Simple Processes ..................................... 114 15.3 Introduction to the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines and Their Efficiency ................................................................................................................................................ 115 15.5 Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Pumps and Refrigerators ................................. 115 15.6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Disorder and the Unavailability of Energy ..................................................................................................................................... 116 15.7 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: The Underlying Explanation ........................................................................................................... 117 Chapter 16: Oscillatory Motion and Waves ................................................................................ 119 16.1 Hooke’s Law: Stress and Strain Revisited ........................................................................ 119 16.2 Period and Frequency in Oscillations .............................................................................. 120 16.3 Simple Harmonic Motion: A Special Periodic Motion ..................................................... 120 16.4 The Simple Pendulum ..................................................................................................... 120
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Grades1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $18.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
