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Immuno - notes (Sir Wong) Toprank
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Can be used as a self - review notes for those who will take the board exam. Immunology note made easy.
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IMMUNOLOGY NURSINGPre-test
1. The technique of assisting the body to develop immunity by way of injecting a
diluted antigen, in a series of injections of increasing strength over a 1- to 3
years period is known as? Immunotherapy
2. What type of immunity is acquired when the patient contracted varicella?:
Active Natural
3. Macrophages
4. Which statement below is not true regarding the role of the helper T cells? The
helper T cell is cytotoxic and kills invaders.
5. Which white blood cells are involved in releasing prostaglandin during pain?
Basophils
Immune de ciency
Primary - Genetics
Secondary - Disease / Treatment (chemotherapy will cause BMS - bone marrow
suppress )
WBC ( LEUKOCYTES)
2 Types:
1. Granulocytes
a. Basophils
• Histamine - Allergy
• Prostaglandin - Pain
• Bradykinin - In ammation
b. Eosinophils - Allergy
c. Neutrophils - Infection
2. Angranulocytes
1. Monocytes - Macrophages - pagocytes
2. Lympocytes - B cells - Plasma cells - responsible for the production of Ig
1. T- cells - helper T cells (activate/initiate ), cytotoxic t-
cells(Kills) , memory t-cells (Remember), suppressor t-
cells (Stops)
• Autoimmune suppressant - problem in suppressor T-cells
• HIV - no or problem in the helper T- cells
fi fl
, RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
- An in ammatory disorder of an unknown origin that primarily involves the
synovial membrane of the joints.
- Systemic/Autoimmune/Chronic/ In ammatory
Primary Target:
• Synovial - synovitis -> extra growth of synoval tissues ( pannus formation) ->
Ankylosis (stick/ fusion) -> sti ness/ pain -> Immobility -> Contractions ->
deformities
Deformaties
• Swan Neck Deformaties - DIP (Distal
• Boutonniere Deformity - PIP
• Ulnar Deviation/Drift
• Z-Thumb
Articuliar Features Extra articular Features
Outside joints
Joints
Swelling Morning sti ness Fever Sjoqren’s Syndrome - Dryness of eyes,
due to immobility Fatigue mouth and vagina
Warm wait/ exercise for Anemia
30-45 mins. Weight loss Raymond’s Phenomenon - White, Blue
Erythmia Spongy Joints Lymph nodes and Red
( Fluids) Scleritis
Loss of Small joints Splenomegaly
function Symmetrical and Pancreatitis
bilateral Pleurisy
Rheumatoid Arthritis Osteoarthritis
Autoimmune Degenerative
Systemic Localized
Small joints Large joints
Symmetrical and bilateral asymmetrical and unilateral
Morning sti ness/ Pain ( inactivity) Afternoon sti ness/ pain ( over activity)
fl ff ff ff fl
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