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Chapter 12 - The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses Part 2
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This file partially covers the 12th chapter in the textbook Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology for the Biology course () in UoS
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Chapter 12 - The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses Part 1
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Chapter 10 - Blood
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Chapter 3 - Cells and Tissues Part 1
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The Lymphatic System & Body Defenses - Part 2Characteristics of the Adaptive Immune System Include
It is antigen specific: It recognizes and acts against a specific receptor on the surface
invading organism or pathogen (Innate immunity is not specific )
It has memory: It recognizes and attacks previously encountered pathogens (Innate
immunity is not specific )
It is systemic: immunity is not restricted to initial infection site
Acquired (Adaptive or Specific) Immunity is Divided into Two Major Types
Cell-mediated immunity: Cells deal with invading pathogens
Humoral Immunity or Antibody mediated immunity: Release antibodies that attack
pathogens
Cells either directly attack and lyse pathogens or indirectly by releasing chemicals that
enhance inflammatory response or other immune cells
Antigens: Any substance that provoke (stimulate) the immune system
1
, Most antigens are large complex molecules that are not normally present in the body:
recognized as none-self
Proteins are the strongest type of antigen
Cells of the Immune System
B Lymphocytes T Lymphocytes
Produce antibodies and oversee the oversee the cell-mediated immunity (Don't
humoral immunity produce anibodies)
Mature in bone marrow then migrate to 2nd born in red bone marrow but mature in the
lymphoid organ thymus before migrating to the 2nd
lymphoid tissue
Can recognize free antigen through their B Can only recognize antigen if presented on
cell receptor an APC
2
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