UTA 53 15 E xam 4 With Complete Solution Gr aded A + Thyroid Hormones - Answer T3, T4, calcitonin Iodine - Answer Takes 1 mg of ________ per week to form thyroxine 2-3 months - Answer How long does thyroid failure take to develop symptoms du e to reserves of thyroglobulin? Antagonize - Answer T3 and T4 __________ insulin Stimulates - Answer T3 ___________ cardiac contractile proteins and the Na/K pump and Ca pump Calcitonin - Answer Lowers blood calcium levels by preventing bone resorption effects of PTH TSH - Answer Controls uptake of iodine adrenal cortex - Answer aldosterone, cortisol, androgens are produced by the ___________________________ Inhibit - Answer Glucocorticoids ________ ADH, cellular uptake of glucose, and protein synthesis Aldosterone - Answer "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure Angiotensin II - Answer increases blood pressure by stimulating kidneys to reabsorb more water and by releasing aldosterone Adrenal Medulla - Answer secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine and dopa mine Epinephrine - Answer Which is more potent: epinephrine or norepinephrine? Catecholamines - Answer All ____________ increase BP, HR, RR, glucose, cellular metabolism, and cause vasoconstriction Pancreas hormones - Answer insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, gastrin Somatostatin - Answer Regulates the alpha and beta cells by inhibiting insulin and glucagon Amylin - Answer regulates glucose by delaying gastric emptying and suppressing glucagon secretion; promotes satiety (feeling full) Visceral WAT - Answer Causes dysfunction in regulation and leads to the obesity related complications Hypothalamus - Answer regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior Leptin - Answer A hormone produced by adipose (fat) cells that acts as a satiety factor in regulating appetite. leptin resistance - Answer a condition in which higher-than-normal blood levels of the hormone leptin do not produce the expected physiological response Adiponectin - Answer enhances sensitivity to insulin, decreased in obesity contributing to insulin resistance and DM 2. Ghrelin - Answer Decreased in obesity causing a blunted response to eating (does not feel full) Grave's Disease - Answer an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos Grave's Disease - Answer Antibodies produced by host bind to host's own thyroid gland cells. Antibody binding over-stimulates the thyroid gland. nodular thyroid disease - Answer Nodules secrete extra hormones, insidious, do not experience exophthalmos or pretibial myxedema Thyroid Storm - Answer increased temp, pulse and HTN, seizures, may cause coma, volume depletion secondary hypothyroidism - Answer thyroid isn't being stimulated by pituitary to produce hormones Subclinical hypothyroidism - Answer Elevated TSH, normal T4
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