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PSYC 140 MODULE 1/91 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
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PSYC 140 MODULE 1/91 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
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PSYC 140 MODULE 1/91QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(A+)
Lifespan Development Define - =physical, social,
cognitive, and emotional changes throughout human life
-Factors of lifespan development - =1. lifelong
2. multidirectional
3. multidisciplinary
4. multidimensional (biological, social, emotional,
cognitive, moral)
-Maturation: adults ____, while children ____ - =age,
grow
-Nature - =biological, genetic
people are BORN a specific way
-Nurture - =environmental, learned/influenced by others
people change based on surroundings - raising, human
environment, etc
-Continuous development - =Various stages of
development gradually flow into one another
Can be difficult to determine when one stage starts and
another starts
Behaviorists
-Discontinuous development - =Developmental stages
are distinct
,One stage definitely ends before another begins
Stage theorists
-Sigmund Freud - =Psychosexual stages of
development
Proposed the id, ego, superego are what develop one's
personality
Proposed 5 stages of development involving a conflict
and fixation with an area of the body associated with
gratification/pleasure
-Freud's 5 stages of development - =1. Oral stage: birth-
18 months: relief from anxiety through oral gratification
of needs
2. Anal stage: 18 months-3yoa: learning independence
and control, with focus on the excretory function
3. Phallic stage: 3-5yoa: identification with parent of
same sex; development of sexual identity; focus on
genital organs
4. Latency stage: 5 years-puberty: sexuality is
repressed; focus is on relationships with same-sex
peers
5. Genital stage: puberty-adulthood: libido is
reawakened as genital organs mature; focus is on
relationships with members of the opposite sex
, -Major periods of lifespan development - =1. prenatal
development
2. infancy and toddlerhood
3. early childhood
4. middle childhood
5. adolescence
6. early adulthood
7. middle adulthood
8. late adulthood
-Why is it important to study human development across
lifespan? - =Development is lifelong. Developmental
science has shown that major developmental changes
continue to occur during adolescence and adulthood, so
it is important to study the entire lifespan to develop the
most accurate theories.
-Why is lifespan development multidirectional -
=Lifespan development is multidirectional because
development can be good, bad, or both. Each
developmental stage can come with improvement
and/or decline. For example, as children grow, they
become more mature and develop important skills.
However, while adults age, they might continue to
experience emotional or cognitive maturation, but can
also experience physical decline as they get older.
-Maturation - =can be physical, emotional, and/or
cognitive
becoming more developed and advanced
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