Plants are autotrops meaning they can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals. Because autotrophs produce their own food, they are sometimes called producers.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Plants, algae, and a group of bacteria called
cyanobacteria are the only organisms capable of
performing photosynthesis. Photosynthesis has
many step by step process that requires sunlight,
carbon dioxide (which is low in energy), and water
as substrates.
Fig 1 – Photosynthesis
web source:
http://clipart-library.com/photosynthesis-
cliparts.html
The basic equation for photosynthesis is deceptively simple. In reality, the process takes
place in many steps involving intermediate reactants and products. Glucose, the primary
energy source in cells, is made from two three-carbon GA3Ps. See the picture below
Web
source: https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book
%3A_General_Biology_(OpenStax)/2%3A_The_Cell/08%3A_Photosynthesis/
8.1%3A_Overview_of_Photosynthesis
Processes of photosynthesis
In plants, photosynthesis generally takes place mainly in leaves, they consist of
several layers of cells. The process of photosynthesis occurs in a middle layer called the
mesophyll. The gas exchange of carbon
dioxide and oxygen occurs through small,
regulated openings called stomata
(singular: stoma), which also play roles in
the regulation of gas exchange and water
balance. The stomata are typically located on
the underside of the leaf, which helps to
minimize water loss. Each stoma is flanked
by guard cells that regulate the opening and
closing of the stomata by swelling or
shrinking in response to osmotic changes
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