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MCB 150 Final Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023
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MCB 150 Final Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023
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MCB 150 Final Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023Microtubules are typically __ nm in diameter. - Correct Answer-25
According to the current model, what is the correct sequence of microtubule assembly? - Correct Answer-dimers, oligomers, protofilaments, sheets of protofilaments, closing of microtubule, elongating microtubule
What cellular activity is associated with microtubules? - Correct Answer-maintenance of axons, maintenance of cell shape, axonemal structure, formation of mitotic spindle
Which stage of microtubule assembly is the stage in which nucleation occurs? - Correct Answer-oligomers
Tubulin may assemble and disassemble simultaneously in a process known as - Correct Answer-treadmilling
Microtubules have an inner diameter of __ and an outer diameter of __. - Correct Answer-15 nm; 25 nm
Microtubules - Correct Answer-are made of 13 linear protofilaments
Critical concentration is - Correct Answer-the concentration of tubulin dimers at which assembly is balanced with disassembly
Dynamic instability: - Correct Answer-describes the alternating cycles of growth and shrinkage in microtubules
The minus (-) ends of microtubules are often anchored at the ________________ , such that the dynamics associated with microtubules is at the plus (+) ends. - Correct Answer-centrosome
How is the structure of kinesin related to its function? - Correct Answer-Kinesin has a tail region that binds to vesicles and two heads that can attach to microtubules.
Motor proteins require energy in the form of ATP. ATP hydrolysis results in a conformational change that allows the protein to move along microtubular tracks (pathways). What structural component of the motor protein contains the ATP binding site and, therefore, changes shape to enable movement? - Correct Answer-the portion of the molecule that binds to the microtubular track along which the vesicle is being transported Cilia and flagella bend because of: - Correct Answer-a motor protein called dynein
Which motor proteins can move cargo-containing vesicles along microtubule tracks? - Correct Answer-kinesin and dynein
The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of__ - Correct Answer-
microtubules
Centrioles, cilia, flagella, and basal bodies have remarkably similar structural elements and arrangements. Which of the following hypotheses is most plausible in light of such structural similarities? - Correct Answer-Cilia and flagella arise from centrioles.
Which of the following is true about kinesin? - Correct Answer-Kinesin hydrolyzes ATP.
Researchers tried to explain how vesicular transport occurs in cells by attempting to assemble the transport components. They set up microtubular tracks along which vesicles could be transported, and they added vesicles and ATP (because they knew the transport process requires energy). Yet, when they put everything together, there was no movement or transport of vesicles. What were they missing? - Correct Answer-
motor proteins
Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella? - Correct Answer-tubulin
Spherocytosis is a human blood disorder associated with a defective cytoskeletal protein in the red blood cells (RBCs). What do you suspect is the consequence of such a defect? - Correct Answer-abnormally shaped RBCs
what would happen when ATP is added if the links connecting the microtubule doublets and the spokes connecting each doublet to the central pair of microtubules were missing? - Correct Answer-Adjacent doublets would slide past one another but no bending would occur.
What is true about axonemes? - Correct Answer--has 9 microtubule doublets at the periphery linked by dynein motor proteins
- has a 9+2 pattern of microtubules
- is structurally the same in cilia and flagella
What is the difference between a chromosome and a chromatid? - Correct Answer-A chromatid is one half of a replicated chromosome, whereas a chromosome consists of DNA wrapped around proteins in a highly organized manner.
The microtubule-organizing center found in animal cells is an identifiable structure present during all phases of the cell cycle. Specifically, it is known as the _____. - Correct Answer-centrosome
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