First Generation Computers: Vacuum Tubes ()
The technology behind the primary generation computers was a fragile glass device, which was called vacuum tubes. These computers were very heavy and really large in size. These weren’t very reliable and programming on them was a really tedious task as...
First Generation Computers: Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)
The technology behind the primary generation computers was a fragile
glass device, which was called vacuum tubes. These computers were very
heavy and really large in size. These weren’t very reliable and programming
on them was a really tedious task as they used high-level programming
language and used no OS. First-generation computers were used for
calculation, storage, and control purpose. They were too bulky and large
that they needed a full room and consume rot of electricity.
Main electronic Vacuum
component tube.
Second Generation Computers: Transistors (1956-1963)
Second-generation computers used the technology of transistors rather
than bulky vacuum tubes. Another feature was the core storage. A
transistor may be a device composed of semiconductor material that
amplifies a sign or opens or closes a circuit.
Transistors were invented in Bell Labs. The use of transistors made it
possible to perform powerfully and with due speed. It reduced the
dimensions and price and thankfully the warmth too, which was generated
by vacuum tubes. Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, programming
language and input, and output units also came into the force within the
second generation.
Main electronic
component Transistor.
Third Generation Computers: Integrated Circuits. (1964-1971)
During the third generation, technology envisaged a shift from huge
transistors to integrated circuits, also referred to as IC. Here a variety of
transistors were placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors. The most
feature of this era’s computer was the speed and reliability. IC was made
from silicon and also called silicon chips.
A single IC, has many transistors, registers, and capacitors built on one thin
slice of silicon. The value size was reduced and memory space and dealing
, efficiency were increased during this generation. Programming was now
wiped out higher level languages like BASIC (Beginners All-purpose
Symbolic Instruction Code). Minicomputers find their shape during this era.
Main electronic Integrated circuits
component (ICs)
In 1971 First microprocessors were used, the large scale of integration LSI
circuits built on one chip called microprocessors. The most advantage of
this technology is that one microprocessor can contain all the circuits
required to perform arithmetic, logic, and control functions on one chip.
The computers using microchips were called microcomputers. This
generation provided the even smaller size of computers, with larger
capacities. That’s not enough, then Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI)
circuits replaced LSI circuits. The Intel 4004chip, developed in 1971, located
all the components of the pc from the central processing unit and memory
to input/ output controls on one chip and allowed the dimensions to reduce
drastically.
Very large-scale integration (VLSI) and the
Main electronic microprocessor (VLSI has thousands of transistors on a
component single microchip).
Fifth Generation Computers
The technology behind the fifth generation of computers is AI. It allows
computers to behave like humans. It is often seen in programs like voice
recognition, area of medicines, and entertainment. Within the field of
games playing also it’s shown remarkable performance where computers
are capable of beating human competitors.
The speed is highest, size is that the smallest and area of use has
remarkably increased within the fifth generation computers. Though not a
hundred percent AI has been achieved to date but keeping in sight the
present developments, it is often said that this dream also will become a
reality very soon.
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